港口作为全球航运活动的枢纽，在全球经济贸易发展中发挥着至关重要的作用。与此同时，齐夫定律作为定量语言学研究中基于经验发现的第一个数学规律，在语言学、信息科学、地理学、经济学、信息科学等领域已经得到了广泛的应用。因此，本文首先对齐夫定律的理论基础与发展进行了介绍。其次，基于三参数齐夫模型，对中国主要沿海港口规模等级演化规律及分布特征进行了研究，发现无论是货物吞吐量还是集装箱吞吐量，规模等级分布集中程度都较高，但不同阶段港口的分布和规模特征都存在明显不同。接着，分别对美国及韩国近年来的港口规模等级分布进行了研究分析，发现美国港口规模等级分布较为分散，港口发展较为均衡，基于集装箱吞吐量的韩国主要沿海港口规模等级分布呈现出较为突出的集中化趋势。最后，对比分析中美韩港口分布差异与发展现状，总结美韩港口发展对中国港口发展的借鉴意义。

As the hub of global shipping activities, ports play a vital role in the development of global economy and trade. At the same time, Zipf's law, as the first empirically discovered mathematical law in quantitative linguistics, has been widely used in linguistics, information science, geography, economics, information science and other fields . Therefore, this paper first introduces the theoretical basis and development of Zif's law. Secondly, based on the three-parameter Zif model, the evolution law and distribution characteristics of China's major coastal ports are studied. It is found that both the cargo throughput and the container throughput have a high degree of concentration in the distribution of scale grades. There are marked differences in both distribution and size characteristics. Then, the study and analysis of the size and grade distribution of ports in the United States and South Korea in recent years shows that the distribution of the size and grade of ports in the United States is relatively scattered, and the development of ports is relatively balanced. Centralization tendency. Finally, the differences and development status of ports in China, the United States and South Korea are compared and analyzed, and the reference significance of the development of ports in the United States and South Korea to the development of Chinese ports is summarized.