本研究依据新一轮的课程改革理念，构建切实可行的评价工具对课堂教学中教师的教学表现进行评价，以此提升教师的教学水平，促进教师专业发展，主要分为评价工具的构建、评价工具的信效度检验和评价工具的实证研究三个部分。
基于文献分析整理的结果，初步确立了评价工具的框架包括环境创建、教学内容和课堂执行三个一级指标，一级指标下共含20个二级指标。随后采用德尔菲法，向21位领域内专家发放问卷，对指标的重要程度、有无增删和描述进行意见咨询，回收问卷后首先对专家的权威程度进行判断，得到Cr值为0.86，证明专家的权威程度较高；随后将21位专家对指标的重要程度判断进行描述统计和差异性检验，发现各位专家意见一致，整体框架无需调整；又根据专家的意见对部分指标的描述进行具体修改，得到完整框架。最后运用层次分析法，向上述专家中经验丰富的5位专家发放问卷，利用Yaahp软件计算出各二级指标所占权重。
在评价工具的信效度检验部分，选取了预研究视频2节，两节课堂实录分别来自初中和高中，课程主题为《物体的浮沉条件》和《自由落体运动》。首先根据指标的描述按照5级评分的方式进行评分细则的制定，并根据课标要求和教材内容给出相应课程的教学目标和重点难点作为参考。采取双评的方式对两节实录评价，得分按照权重转化后，对两名评分者的打分进行非参数检验，检验结果证明评价工具具有较好的信度和效度。随后再选取不同教师、不同学段、不同主题、不同课型的8节课堂实录，依旧采取双评的模式进行评分，通过非参数检验证明本评价工具具有比较好的信度和效度。
在评价工具的实证研究部分，将两位评分者的打分求取均值作为最终得分，从单节课的得分率、各二级指标的得分情况和两节课对比三个方面进行分析。单节课得分分析上，得分最高的教师为93.73分，得分最低的为70.98分，分别为特级教师和刚入职的年轻教师，整体得分高低受限于教师本人的经验与能力。在二级指标分析中，不同的二级指标有不同的得分特点，课程资源、情境创设、演示实验、环节把控和课堂指导的得分区分度较高，主要取决于教师的教学经验和水平；评价、立德树人和课堂总结维度教师的得分总体偏低，主要受限于教师的教学理念。在两节课对比上，对于同一授课内容，特级教师得分高于年轻教师9.63分，充分证明教师本人经验能力对得分高低的影响；经过专家指导的教学改进前后教师的总分提高了19.77分，证明教学改进对促进教师的专业发展效果显著；情境创设、思维发展、探究过程和单元设计维度中，项目学习教学方式中的教师得分明显高于常规实验课的教师，说明项目学习不仅利于学生的发展，更对教师的专业发展有很大的帮助作用。
最后，在创建教学环境、进行教学设计、课堂执行等方面提出了教学实践建议，在使用本评价工具以促进教师专业发展方面提出了实施建议，并进行了后续研究的展望。

Based on the new round of curriculum reform concept, this study constructs practical and feasible evaluation tools to evaluate the teaching behavior of teachers in classroom teaching, in order to improve teachers' teaching level and promote their professional development. It is mainly divided into three parts: the construction of evaluation tools, the reliability and effectiveness testing of evaluation tools, and empirical research on evaluation tools.
Based on the results of literature analysis and organization, the framework of the evaluation tool has been preliminarily established, which includes three primary indicators: environmental creation, teaching content, and classroom execution. Under the primary indicators, there are a total of 20 secondary indicators. Then, the Delphi method was used to issue questionnaires to 21 experts in the field to give advice on the importance of indicators, whether there are additions, deletions and descriptions. After the questionnaire was returned, the authority of experts was first judged, and the Cr value was 0.86, which proved that the authority of experts was high; Subsequently, a differential test was conducted on the importance of the indicators by 21 experts, and it was found that the opinions of all experts were consistent and the overall framework did not need to be adjusted; Based on the opinions of experts, specific modifications were made to the description of some indicators to obtain a complete framework. Finally, using the Analytic Hierarchy Process, a questionnaire was distributed to the five experienced experts mentioned above, and the weights of each secondary indicator were calculated using Yaahp software.
In the reliability and validity testing section of the evaluation tool, two pre research videos were selected, with two classroom recordings from middle and high schools, respectively. The course themes were "The Floating and Sinking Conditions of Objects" and "Free Falling Movement". Firstly, develop grading rules based on the description of indicators and a 5-level grading method, and provide corresponding teaching objectives and reference points for key and difficult points of the course according to the requirements of the curriculum standards and textbook content. Adopting a dual evaluation approach to evaluate the two actual records, the scores were converted according to weights, and a non-parametric test was conducted on the scores of the two raters. The test results showed that the evaluation tool had good reliability and validity. Subsequently, 8 classroom transcripts with different teachers, different student segments, different themes, and different class types were selected, and a dual evaluation model was still adopted for grading. Non parametric testing proved that this evaluation tool has good reliability and validity.
In the empirical research section of the evaluation tool, the average score of two raters is taken as the final score, and analysis is conducted from three aspects: the scoring rate of a single class, the scores of each secondary indicator, and the comparison between two classes. In terms of single class score analysis, the teacher with the highest score is 93.73 points, while the teacher with the lowest score is 70.98 points, which are special level teachers and newly hired young teachers. The overall score is limited by the teacher's own experience and ability. In the analysis of secondary indicators, different secondary indicators have different scoring characteristics. The scores of course resources, scenario creation, demonstration experiments, link control, and classroom guidance are relatively high, mainly depending on the teacher's teaching experience and level; The overall score of teachers in the dimensions of evaluation, moral education, and classroom summary is relatively low, mainly limited by their teaching philosophy. In the comparison of two classes, for the same teaching content, the score of special level teachers is 9.63 points higher than that of young teachers, fully proving the influence of teachers' personal experience and ability on the score; After expert guidance, the total score of teachers increased by 19.77 points before and after teaching improvement, proving that teaching improvement has a significant effect on promoting teachers' professional development; In the dimensions of scenario creation, thinking development, inquiry process, and unit design, teachers in project-based learning teaching methods scored significantly higher than those in conventional experimental courses. This not only benefits students' development, but also greatly helps teachers' professional development.
Finally, suggestions for teaching practice were put forward in creating a teaching environment, conducting teaching design, and classroom execution. Implementation suggestions were also put forward in using this evaluation tool to promote teacher professional development, and future research prospects were presented.