From the perspective of Pierre Bourdieu's field theory, this study uses the method of case study to explore the role orientation of paraprofessionals in in the field of education，including three sub-fields of school field, family field and special education institution field, also analyzes the influencing factors. This study identified that the role orientation of paraprofessionals includes five core roles of special students' learning assistant, behavior manager, supporter of social interaction, liaison of home-school communication, learner of special education professional knowledge and skills and other roles such as classroom supervisor. In terms of influencing factors, paraprofessionals' personal learning and working experience and attitude tendency are internal factors, while participants, social and cultural environment and the particularity of education field are external factors. Based on the research, the researchers put forward relevant suggestions for the national and educational administrative departments, ordinary schools, paraprofessionals and parents of students with special needs to promote the development of paraprofessionals.