中文题名: | 气候变化背景下中国流域单元洪水灾害人口暴露及其贡献率分析 |
姓名: | |
保密级别: | 公开 |
论文语种: | 中文 |
学科代码: | 070502 |
学科专业: | |
学生类型: | 学士 |
学位: | 理学学士 |
学位年度: | 2021 |
学校: | 北京师范大学 |
校区: | |
学院: | |
第一导师姓名: | |
第一导师单位: | |
提交日期: | 2021-06-18 |
答辩日期: | 2021-05-20 |
外文题名: | Population Exposure and Its Contribution Rate of Flooding at Basin Unit in China Under Climate Change |
中文关键词: | |
外文关键词: | River flood ; Population exposure ; Climate change ; Climate change effect ; Contribution rate ; River basin |
中文摘要: |
中国是全球洪水灾害风险最高的国家之一。人口暴露研究,是洪水人口风险评估工作中的一项重要内容。在目前中国洪水灾害的研究中,对未来洪水人口暴露量的预估尚需要进一步研究。本文以洪水淹没量作为致灾因子指标,评估了历史时期(1985-2005),以及未来2030s(2016-2035年)和2050s(2046-2065年)两个时段RCP4.5-SSP2、RCP8.5-SSP3两种组合情景下的中国洪水人口暴露量,并分析了人口暴露变化的气候变化效应、人口变化效应和联合变化效应的贡献率水平。结果发现:相比历史时期,2030s和2050s下中国及各流域洪水人口暴露量持续增加,其中,长江流域的人口暴露量最高,达到6.17~6.56×1026人*m3,淮海流域次之;松辽河流域人口暴露增加最快,达到100~131%,其次为珠江流域和淮河流域。就洪水人口暴露贡献率而言,除RCP4.5-SSP2情景2030s 到2050s期间外,气候变化均是导致中国以及各流域人口暴露增长的主要原因,贡献率几乎占60%及以上,其次为人口变化和联合变化。论文结果可为开展中国洪水死亡人口风险评估提供关键参数,也可以为洪水风险防范提供科学依据。
﹀
|
外文摘要: |
China is one of those countries that is affected severely by flood in the world. And population exposure evaluation is an important part in flood population risk assessment. However, few studies predict future population exposure of river flood in China, that is what we do here. Taken flood volume as hazard indicator and exposure in 2000s (i.e., from 1985 to 2005) as the baseline, we evaluate the population exposure of two climate scenarios (i.e., RCP4.5-SSP2, RCP8.5-SSP3) in 2030s and 2050s (i.e., from 2016 to 2035 and from 2046 to 2065), which show an increasing trend across China. Among nine basins, Yangtze River has the largest exposure (i.e., 6.17–6.56×1026 people*m3) followed by Huaihe River and Haihe River basins. And exposures of Songliaohe River (100–131%), Pearl River, and Huaihe River basins grow fast, relatively. We also analyze the contribution rate of different effects and find that it is climate change that contributes most to increasing exposure both across China and within basins (basically over 60%), followed by population change and then joint change (except from 2030s to 2050s under RCP4.5-SSP2 scenario). These findings can provide critical parameters for flood population risk assessment as well as scientific evidence for flood risk prevention.
﹀
|
参考文献总数: | 47 |
作者简介: | 无 |
插图总数: | 11 |
插表总数: | 8 |
馆藏号: | 本070502/21013 |
开放日期: | 2022-06-18 |