中国玉器是中国文化的重要组成部分，蕴含了中国传统美德、早期宗教及礼制。正确统一的玉器名称英译有助于参观博物馆的外国游人理解玉器中蕴含的中国文化，且有助于国外学者研究中国玉器、传播中国文化、提升中国的国际影响力。“龙”、“凤”及其相关物象在玉器中极其常见，其正确英译对玉器名称的统一英译有重要意义。 大多数国内文物英译研究为图书馆研究，实证研究不足，尤其是与玉器相关的少之又少。为促进玉器名称负载的中华文化的传播，本研究考察了中国博物馆玉器英译的现状及翻译策略，重点审视“龙”、“凤”相关的玉器名称。对六个博物馆——河南博物馆、颐和园文昌院、国家博物馆、首都博物馆、明十三陵博物馆、故宫博物院——的实地考察发现国内博物馆玉器翻译存在译文不统一、错译、漏译等问题，且国内大多数博物馆将“龙”、“凤”译为dragon及phoenix，本文提出异议，并从古代文献、社会现状及读音等角度论证将二者译为Loong及Foong。本文还论证将与龙相关的名称“螭”、“夔”、“虺”分别翻译为Chi-Loong、Kui-Loong/Foong、Hui-Snake，并提供了其他负载中国文化的玉器（包括礼器和剑饰）名称（如璧、瑗、琫、璏）的翻译策略。本研究提供从六个博物馆收集的大量丰富的玉器名称各组成部分的中英对照，可供相关文物翻译研究参考。

Chinese jade is culturally significant as it reflects ancient virtues, religions and rituals. Correct and unified translations of jade names are important for non-Chinese visitors to understand the Chinese cultural elements embodied inside and for foreign scholars to study Chinese jade so as to promote Chinese culture and raise China’s international status. 龙 and 凤 are common symbols in jade, and thus the correct jade name translation has to address the issue of the translation of their related images. Most Chinese studies about museum relic translation are library research, and empirical research—especially that about jade names—is lacking. This empirical research examines the current situation of jade name translation in China’s museums and the translation strategies for jade names with a focus on 龙 and 凤 related objects in order to promote the spread of Chinese cultural elements embodied in jade names. Investigations into six China’s museums—Henan Museum, the Summer Palace, the National Museum, Capital Museum, the Ming Tombs and the Palace Museum—show that there are disunification, mistakes and omissions found in these museums, and that 龙 and 凤 are mainly translated into “dragon” and “phoenix” in China’s museums. This paper argues against these two translations and proposes Loong and Foong from the perspectives of ancient records, current social status and phonetics. The author also recommends to translate 螭, 夔, and 虺 into Chi-Loong, Kui-Loong/Foong and Hui-Snake. Translation strategies are also offered for such culture-loaded jade names (including jade ritual objects and sword supplements) as 璧, 瑗, 琫, 璏, etc. The large amount of data collected from the six museums can provide reference for later research on relic translation.