我国现阶段坚持的死刑刑事政策是：保留死刑，严格限制死刑，坚持少杀、慎杀、防止错杀。在刑罚设置上对毒品犯罪规定了死刑，司法实践中，死刑适用最多的是在毒品犯罪领域。在毒品犯罪中，运输毒品的行为占有很大的比例，我国刑法对运输毒品罪同样设置了死刑，每年因为运输毒品行为判决死刑的人数很多，而运输毒品的社会危害性相比较而言较小。因此，我国的毒品刑事政策应该反思。 对运输毒品罪的认知学术界还存在很多争议， 运输毒品罪侵犯的客体是国家对毒品的管理制度，主观上必须具有“明知”的心理状态。本文对运输毒品罪的客体、客观方面以及主观认知等方面作了界定，分析了本罪的犯罪构成与死刑废止之间的关系。但重点所讨论的问题是对运输毒品行为配置死刑是否具有合理性，废止运输毒品罪死刑的合理性和必然性。由于我国特殊文化的影响和严峻地毒品犯罪形势，研究分析运输毒品罪的社会危害性与死刑之间的关系对完善立法有重要意义。 本文共分五个部分：序言、运输毒品的立法和司法现状、运输毒品罪的犯罪构成与死刑废止分析、运输毒品罪的特殊形态与死刑废止分析、运输毒品罪死刑的废止与立法建议。 序言部分主要介绍了我国死刑的刑事政策和概括的介绍了运输毒品犯罪的情况。 第一章对我国毒品犯罪的现状进行了详细地分析，根据司法机关统计的运输毒品罪死刑的数据，指出对运输毒品罪设置死刑过于严酷。第二节系统的梳理了国际、国外以及我国刑法对运输毒品罪的刑罚设置。第二章通过对运输毒品的犯罪构成的分析，界定了运输毒品罪的客观要件和主观要件以及与死刑的关系。第三章论述了运输毒品的特殊形态与死刑的关系，并分析了走私、贩卖、非法持有毒品罪和运输毒品行为的区别，指出运输毒品行为的社会危害性大大低于走私、贩卖、制造毒品的危害性。第四章总结前几章的分析结果，指出废止运输毒品罪死刑的合理性，对运输毒品的刑罚设置提出了合理化的建议。

The present criminal policy of death penalty is“ to retain the death penalty and to strictly limit the death penalty,.less and cautious application of death penality.” Set on the penalties for drug crimes also provides the death penalty, judicial practice, the death penalty for drug offenses in most areas. In the drug-related crimes, the transport behavior of drugs account for a large proportion of the transport of the Penal Code also sets a death penalty for drug offenses, drug transport behavior of each year due to high number of death sentences, while the transport of drugs in terms of social harm would like to compare small. Thus, China's drug policy should be reflected. Knowledge of the crime of transporting drugs there are many academic disputes, violation of the object crime of transporting drugs is a national drug management system, the subjective must have "knowingly" mental state.But the key issue discussed is whether the death penalty configured to transport drugs act are reasonable, abolished the death penalty for drug offenses Transport reasonable and inevitable. This article is divided into five parts: Introduction, transportation of drugs legislation and judicial situation, constitute the crime of transporting drugs abolished the death penalty analysis, the special form of transport and drug offenses Abolition of the death penalty, abolished the death penalty crime of transporting drugs and legislative proposals. The first chapter of the status of drug-related crimes carried out a detailed analysis, according to judicial death penalty for drug transport statistics, the data set that the death penalty for transporting drugs too harsh. The second chapter constitutes the crime of transporting drugs, the analysis, defines the crime of transporting drugs in the objective elements and subjective elements as well as the relationship between the death penalty. The third chapter discusses the special form of drug transport and the relationship between the death penalty, and analysis of smuggling, trafficking, illegal holding of drugs and transport behavior of different drugs. Chapter IV summarizes the previous chapters of the analysis, the crime of transporting drugs abolished the death penalty is reasonable, the penalty for transporting narcotics settings rationalization proposals.