贰臣古已有之，却未曾在正史专门立文著述。直至清乾隆年间官修《贰臣传》，开创了为贰臣设立专传的先例。乾隆帝亲下诏令，命国史馆编修《胜朝殉节诸臣录》、《贰臣传》，为明季殉国忠贞之臣立表褒扬，同时也贬斥了于大节有亏的降清臣子，从道德角度再次强调了君臣大义。乾隆由此重新审视了明清易代之际的人物，对其作出符合清廷政治利益的判别，掌握了历史解释权，把历史人事影射进了现实统治。 本文从历史学的角度，结合时代背景，阐述《清史列传·贰臣传》的编纂原因和体例特点，对《贰臣传》进行文本分析，既直观又全面地认识贰臣群体；并与《胜朝殉节诸臣录》进行比对，试图揭示清代统治者是如何以政治手段干涉历史解释从而达到其稳固统治的目的。

There have been turncoat officials from ancient China ,but they have never been regarded as a special characters in the official history books. It was continued until the era of Emperor Qianlong of Qing Dynasty,who decided to compile the first biography for turncoat officials. Emperor Qianlong commanded the Academia Historica to compile the Biography of Turncoat Officials and the Biography of martyr,which one is complied to praise the people who was died for Ming Dynasty,and another one is complied to criticize courtiers who surrendered to the Qing Dynasty.Therefore, Emperor Qianlong reviewed the courtiers of the Ming and Qing dynasties, made the judgments with the political interests of the Qing Dynasty, mastered the right of historical interpretation, and brought historical personnel into reality. This thesis ,from historical perspective,combined with the background of the times, elaborated the compilation reasons and the characteristics of the Biography of Turncoat Officials, got a direct understanding of turncoat officials.And then compared with the Biography of martyr, trying to reveal how the rulers of the Qing Dynasty interfered with historical explanations in political terms so as to achieve their solid rule.