由于改革开放三十多年的发展，我国的经济高速发展，中国正处在社会转型的关键时期，大量的农村人口向城市流动。农村人口向城市的流动是我国现代化进程中的重要问题。大量的年轻人口通过接受高等教育等途径向城市流动，进而带动了新的一轮社会流动—老年人口随子女向城市的流动。这些老人甘愿去子女所在的城市，帮她们带小孩、做家务，形成了随迁老人的大军。然后，这种迁移并非老人自我的意愿，由于他们大半辈子生活在自己熟悉的地方，有自己熟悉的亲朋好友和生活方式，在年老后要重新进入到一个陌生的地方去适应，周围不再有他们熟悉的环境和朋友，因此他们在适应的过程中会出现一定的困难。提高随迁老人的社会适应性，保证其安享晚年生活，和子女共享天伦之乐，是家庭、社会的共同责任。本研究运用定性研究方法，以北京市朝阳区S社区的随迁老人为研究对象，把社会适应具体化为生活环境、行为方式、社区参与、人际关系、思想观念五个维度，于2014年3月在该社区对15位随迁老人进行了实地访谈，收集了大量资料，并运用再社会化和社会支持两个理论来分析随迁老人的社会适应状况及其存在的需求，并针对存在的需求，运用社会工作的专业方法与技巧提出相应的对策与建议，使其早日融入城市生活，不仅对于老人及其家庭有益，对于建设和谐的老龄化社会、发展城市老年人产业都有裨益。

Since the reform and opening for over thirty years, the economy in our country is developing with a high speed. At present, China is at a critical period of social transformation. There’s a larger amount of rural-urban migration, which is an important issue in China’s modernization process. A lot of young population flow into cities through higher education or other means, and furthermore it leads a new round of social mobility, that is the old population’s mobility with their children. These old people form a big wave, they go to their children’s cities willingly, take care of their children’s babies and do housework. However, this kind of migration is not out of the elders’own will. Since they live at their familiar places for most of their lives, they have their relatives, friends and familiar lifestyles, they have to adapt to live in strange places when they are aged, they no longer live in familiar places, they no longer have good friends, some difficulties definitely occur in their adaption process. It is the common responsibility for the family and our society to improve the elderly people’s social adaptability, guarantee that they can enjoy their later lives and the family happiness of a family union. The qualitative methods are applies in the research. The flowing elders at one of the S community, Chaoyang District in Beijing are researched in the thesis. The social adaptability is specified into five dimentions-living environment, behavior means, social participation, interpersonal relationship and ideological conception. Fifteen elder people in this community were field visited in March, 2014, a number of materials are collected, two theories, resocialization and social support, are applied to analyse the elders’s situation of social adaption and their existence needs. Professional methods and skills of social affairs are applied to put forward related measures and suggestions to help the elders integrate into city life soon. It’s not also good for the elders and their families, but also beneficial to build the harmonious aging society and develop the urban elderly industry.