19世纪末20世纪初，传统教育的弊端日益凸显，为美国传统教育改革提供了新的发展契机。道尔顿制正是海伦•帕克赫斯特应进步主义教育运动之潮而创立。其中关于教育基本问题的认识和实践模式的探索，不仅对当时欧美教育改革产生了重要的作用。直至今天，作为一种教育改革的典范为当今处在发展与变革中的教育模式留下了非常重要的启示，做出了卓越的贡献。本研究立足思想史的研究视野，从传记、历史、价值三个维度出发，把握帕克赫斯特思想的演进脉络。对于道尔顿制产生的理论与实践基础，八年研究中的道尔顿制的嬗变与成熟和学校语境中道尔顿制的实施三个阶段做出更为深入的研究。 本研究分为五个部分：导言：主要阐释选题缘由，目前国内对道尔顿制的研究现状，说明研究的意义和价值，阐述研究的基本思路。第一章：从帕克赫斯特的实践经历和思想发展过程两个纬度阐释道尔顿制理论雏形的产生。在实践活动经历方面：首先，回顾帕克赫斯特的教育经历；其次，阐述帕克赫斯特的施教过程。在思想发展历程方面：从对帕克赫斯特教育理论形成的四个纬度进行分析，阐述帕氏的思想发展历程。第二章：在“八年研究”的背景下，展开对于道尔顿制基本问题的探索。基于国内一直以来对道尔顿制探讨的不同认识，通过客观详实的解读，分析对于道尔顿制研究的不同判断，认清道尔顿制理论的本质属性。进一步，通过描述从“实验室制”到“道尔顿制”的演变过程，并通过比较分析的手法，把握道尔顿制的理论特色与时代特征。第三章：从恪守与变革的角度，理清道尔顿制指导原则与核心概念的确定过程，明晰道尔顿制这个基本概念的内涵和外延。以道尔顿制在英美两国学校中的推广、实施为出发点，恢复“墙内开花墙外香”的历史原貌。进而，在道尔顿学校语境中，认识道尔顿制的发展与变革。并以此在学校语境中，构建一个相对完整的以恪守与变革为特质的道尔顿制实施的模式。结语：在帕克赫斯特与道尔顿制的评价分析中，考量帕克赫斯特的道尔顿制——这种教育革新对于学校发展的促成效果。进一步，道尔顿制成为这一时期各方争论的焦点，支持与反对的声音此消彼长的过程中，争论的双方都围绕着实施的困难进行原因探究。

During the period from the end of 19th to the beginning of the 20th century, the shortcomings of the traditional education began to appear gradually, supplying a new chance for American education reform. Helen Parkhurst established Dalton plan in progressive movement. The understanding of educational basic problems and exploration of educational mode in Dalton Plan, plays an important role in Euro-American education reform. Presently, as a model of educational reform, Dalton Plan has left an important revelation to today's educational reform in the development and transformation. This study standing on the field of history of thought, commencing from three dimensionalities: biography, history, worthy, hold the gradual skeleton of Parkhurst’ s thinking. Make a deep study in the three stages of Dalton Plan: the basis of Theory and practice, the development and maturation of Dalton Plan in eight years’ s study, the Dalton Plan in school context.This investigation concludes five parts:Introduction：The main idea of the introduction is to explain the basic situation of Dalton plan, and discusses the reason why I selected Helen Parkhurst’ s Dalton Plan as my subject, and introduce the condition of the study on this subject and my studying line.Chapter1: The explanation of Dalton Plan from the Parkhurst’ s practice experience and her developmental thoughts. the practice experience: firstly，looking back to the background of Parkhurst’ s education；secondly，explain the process of Parkhurst’ s teaching process. As for the development of thoughts, we need to analyze the Parkhurst’ s theory form the four latitudes to explain her thought of developmental course.Chapter 2:In the background of ‘eight years of study’ we do the exploration of the basic questions of Dalton Plan. There are some different judgements and ideas about the Dalton Plan. According to the objective explanation to get to know the essential attributes of Dalton Plan. With the method of comparison about the description of the laboratory plan and the Dalton Plan to catch the character and the special theory of the Dalton Plan.Chapter3 from the aspect of intension and developing, getting the process of principle and core definition. As the widespread between the schools of America and British to resume the history situation. What’s more, in the context of dalton school, we can get to know the development and the revolution. At the same time, a Dalton mode can be established in this situation.Conclusion: In apprasing of Parkhurst and her Dalton plan, seeing about the effects made by Parkhurst’ s Dalton Plan to the developments of school. Further more, when Dalton Plan was treated as a discussing focus, during the period full of supporting and opposing, Arguments on both sides of the difficulties surrounding the implementation of the reasons for exploration.