古代白话小说教学是语文教育的重要组成部分。统编版初中语文九年级上册第六单元以节选文的形式呈现了中国古代长篇白话小说中的精彩片段，形成了四篇课文。本研究致力于在整本书阅读的视角下，以课文《刘姥姥进大观园》为例，对初中古代白话小说节选文教学的可能路径进行针对性探讨。

第一章阐述初中古代白话小说节选文指向整本书阅读的必要性。通过问卷、访谈及课例分析等多途径调查，发现当下初中古代白话小说节选文的教学存在教学效果不佳、教学内容单薄、教学方法单一、教学视野局限以及缺乏教学评价的问题。究其原因，海量的碎片化的信息容易影响学生的学习兴趣，且讲求效率的社会文化也造成了教学和学习的功利化。此外，教师缺乏阅读经验、备课依赖教参、教学态度轻忽以及教学方法单一也直接影响了教学实践。因此，以整本书阅读理论指导节选文教学有其必要性和合理性。从马克思主义哲学理论出发，节选文作为部分是整本书这一整体的重要组成部分。从“新课标”精神和教材指向上看，节选文既有单篇的特点，又有勾连全篇小说的特性，因而节选文教学应当具有整本书阅读的视野。结合SOLO分类理论以及发展核心素养的要求，古代白话小说节选文指向整本书阅读适合初中生身心发展规律，也有助于拓展其思维的深度和广度，最终利于核心素养的形成。

第二章指出了整本书阅读视野下刘姥姥形象的教学价值。本研究尝试以整本书阅读理论为支点指导初中古代白话小说节选文教学，并选择统编版初中教材中《刘姥姥进大观园》这一篇选文作为案例。细读文本可知，刘姥姥这一人物不仅具有丰富的性格侧面，还肩负着多重叙事功能，在整本书中承担着重要的线索作用，具备从单篇指向整本书的实践空间。刘姥姥在多次进出贾府的过程中勾连出了荣国府的人物群像，还作为透视贾府兴衰的重要窗口存在，为读者展示了贾府的命运起伏，此外刘姥姥的出现还触发了多条情节线的铺展，使小说情节呈网状展开。

第三章以课文《刘姥姥进大观园》为例，结合调研现状所得，在规避现存种种教学问题的基础上探索初中古代白话小说节选文教学的理想路径。用整本书阅读理论指导节选文实际教学，能丰富和补充教学内容，拓宽教学视野，或能在一定程度上改善现有的教学问题，提升学生的学习兴趣和阅读效率。从文本出发并将整本书阅读纳入教学设计视野，古代白话小说节选文教学可以参考下述路径：基于实际学情搭建学习支架，使学生做好必要的学习准备；教学过程围绕关键锚点展开，既立足于节选文文本，又勾连整本书阅读；教学结束后使用多种评价方式检验教学成果，以评促教。

The teaching of ancient vernacular novels is an important part of Chinese education. Unit 6 of the first volume of the ninth grade of the unified edition of junior high school Chinese presents wonderful passages in the form of excerpts from ancient Chinese vernacular novels, forming four texts. From the perspective of reading the whole book, this study takes the text Grandma Liu Enters the Grand View Garden as an example to conduct a targeted discussion on the possible path of teaching excerpts from ancient vernacular novels in junior high school.

The first chapter expounds the necessity of reading excerpts of ancient vernacular novels in junior high school. Through questionnaire, interview and lesson analysis, it is found that the teaching of excerpts from ancient vernacular novels in junior middle schools has such problems as poor teaching effect, thin teaching content, single teaching method, limited teaching vision and lack of teaching evaluation. The reason is that the huge amount of fragmented information is easy to affect students' interest in learning, and the social culture emphasizing efficiency also causes the utilitarianism of teaching and learning. In addition, teachers' lack of reading experience, dependence on teaching and reference for lesson preparation, neglect of teaching attitude and single teaching method also directly affect teaching practice. Therefore, it is especially necessary and reasonable to teach excerpts guided by the whole book reading theory. From Marxist philosophical theory, excerpts as a part of the whole book is an important part of the whole. From the spirit of "new curriculum standard" and the direction of teaching materials, excerpts have the characteristics of both a single text and a whole novel, so the teaching of excerpts should have the vision of reading the whole book. Combined with the SOLO classification theory and the requirement of developing core literacy, reading the whole book in the excerpt of ancient vernacular novels is suitable for the physical and mental development law of junior high school students, and is also helpful to expand the depth and breadth of their thinking, and ultimately conducive to the formation of core literacy.

The second chapter points out the teaching value of Grandma Liu's image from the perspective of reading the whole book. This study tries to guide the teaching of excerpts from ancient vernacular novels in junior high schools with the whole book reading theory as the fulcrum, and chooses the selected text Grandma Liu Enters the Grand View Garden in the unified edition of junior high school textbooks as the case. A close reading of the text shows that Grandma Liu not only has a rich character, but also shoulders multiple narrative functions. She plays an important role in the whole book and has the practical space to point from a single chapter to the whole book. In the process of entering and leaving the Jia s for many times, Grandma Liu connected the characters of the Jia s, and also served as an important window to see the rise and fall of the Jia s, showing the ups and downs of the fate of the Jia s for readers. In addition, the appearance of Grandma Liu also triggered the spread of a number of plot lines, making the plot of the novel unfold in a network.

The third chapter takes the text Grandma Liu Enters the Grand View Garden as an example, combined with the research status, explores the ideal path of teaching excerpts from ancient vernacular novels in junior high school on the basis of avoiding various existing teaching problems. Using the whole book reading theory to guide the actual teaching of excerpts can enrich and supplement the teaching content, broaden the teaching horizon, or improve the existing teaching problems to a certain extent, and enhance students' learning interest and reading efficiency. Starting from the text and incorporating the reading of the whole book into the vision of teaching design, the teaching of excerpts from ancient vernacular novels can refer to the following paths: Build learning support based on the actual learning situation, so that students can make necessary preparation for learning; The teaching process revolves around the key anchor points, based on the excerpt text, but also linked to the whole book reading; After teaching, various evaluation methods are used to test the teaching results, so as to evaluate and promote teaching.