近年来我国北方滨海地区环境污染，尤其是水环境污染严重该地区。养殖业迅猛发展的同时，相应的水处理工艺缺失导致污水过度排放，严重超过了受纳水体的自净能力，使得当地居民饮水安全和海洋生态环境受到威胁。当地污水具有普遍的含盐特性，一般的污水处理技术很难有效实现这类污水的资源化。基于以上需求，本文在现有人工湿地和冷冻法的研究基础上，采用室内实验方法，以含盐生活污水为研究对象，通过模拟垂直流人工湿地污水处理系统，研究了盐度对该系统处理生活污水效果的影响，分析了在低温条件下该系统对CODCr与NH3-N的处理效果；通过生活污水人工冷冻和自然冷冻实验，探索了人工冷冻和自然冷冻法对含盐生活污水中CODCr与NH3-N的处理效果，同时考察了污水冰融化过程对出水水质的影响；最后提出了人工湿地与自然冷冻法相结合的复合型污水处理系统，并对其进行了初步的效益分析，旨在为我国北方滨海盐碱地区的污水资源化提供理论和数据参考。本文主要研究结论如下：（1）常温下模拟垂直流人工湿地系统处理含盐生活污水时，系统除盐效果不佳；当进水盐度为1.2‰时，16h后出水盐度为1.1‰，即，污水中无机盐去除率只有约8.3%。此外，本研究表明系统对CODCr的去除效果要优于NH3-N，在本实验进行16h后， CODCr去除率达到87.4%，NH3-N去除率则为73.0%。（2）盐度和低温条件对垂直流人工湿地CODCr和NH3-N去除具有一定影响：相同实验条件下，当进水盐度升至20.5‰时，出水CODCr和NH3-N去除率分别降至13.3%和10.5%。当温度降至-3~2℃，模拟垂直流人工湿地处理含盐污水系统运行16h后，CODCr和NH3-N的去除率分别为47.3%和47.0%，均低于在常温下CODCr和NH3-N的去除率：87.4%和73.0%。（3）人工冷冻法对生活污水有较好的处理效果。冷冻温度为-2~-11℃，冷冻时间为72h时，生活污水中CODCr去除率均在80%以上，NH3-N去除率均在85%以上且最高可达90%以上。（4）自然低温冷冻污水冰完全融化所得到融水不能成为理想的中水，通过时间步长为4h的污水冰阶段性融化处理，无机盐、CODCr、NH3-N去除率最高分别可达92.6%、92.9%、91.1%。

In recent years, the environmental pollution, especially the water pollution in coastal area of northern China is such serious. The development of aquaculture and the lack of wastewater treatment process lead to an excessive emission of wastewater regarding to the self-purification ability of the receiving water, which has threatened the safety of residents’ drinking and marine water environment. Because there is always a high salinity in the sewage in these coastal areas, it is difficult to treat this wastewater by the common sewage treatment technologies. For the requirement above, the authors studied the effect of constructed wetland wastewater treatment on saline water and the effect of salinity and low temperature on the removal of CODCr and NH3-N; and studied the effect of constructed freezing and natural freezing technology on saline water and the effect of melting process of the wastewater ice on the removal of CODCr and NH3-N. Finally, a composite wastewater treatment system connected with constructed wetlands and natural freezing was put forward in order to provide theoretical reference and data support for reclamation of sewage in the north of China. The results showed that:1)This study showed that, the artificial wetland wastewater treatment system had little effect on salinity removal. It was shown that the salinity outflow was 1.1% after 16h, when the salinity value inflow was 1.2‰, and the salinity removal rate was only about 8.3%. In addition, this paper showed that the effect of this wastewater system on CODCr is superior to that on NH3-N in this experiment. The results showed that the removal rate of CODCr reached 87.4% while that of NH3-N was 73.0% when the experiment test time arrived at 16h.2)The salinity had a negative impact on the removal of CODCr and NH3-N by using wetland wastewater treatment system. In this study, the removal rate of CODCr and NH3-N outflow were 87.3% and 70.4% when the salinity inflow was 1.2‰, while the removal rate of CODCr and NH3-N outflow were down to13.3% and 10.5% when the salinity inflow rose to20.5‰. It was shown that there was a disadvantage effect of the low temperature on CODCr and NH3-N treatment by constructed wetland system. The experimental results showed that under a condition of low temperature, the removal efficiency of CODCr and NH3-N was 47.3% and 47.0%, which was lower than 87.4% and 73.0% that obtained under a normal temperature after an experimental time of 16h.3)It was shown that the artificial freezing method had a good effect on sewage in this study. The removal rate of CODCr was over 80% and the removal rate of NH3-N was over 85% when there was a freezing temperature of 2 to 11℃ and a freezing time of 72h.4)The results showed that if the ice melt completely, the melt water gained was not up to standard, we melted the ice in stages, and took sample each 4 hours. It was shown that the removal efficiency of salinity, CODCr and NH3-N were about 92.6%, 92.9% and 91.1% respectively by the text time of 16h.