乡村治理是中国乡村振兴战略的重要目标之一，而民间信俗作为乡村文化的重要组成部分，在乡村社会治理中扮演着至关重要的角色。随着城市化进程的加速，许多乡村出现了人口流失和空心化的现象，这给乡村的发展和治理带来了诸多挑战。在实地田野调查和参与观察的基础上，本文在民俗协商的视角下，以浙江省景宁县三个村子的马仙信俗文化为研究对象展开研究。研究发现，马仙信俗作为景宁村际间共享的民俗文化，能够在鸬鹚村与葛山村村民之间形成文化认同，促进村落间关系的调整。作为村落内多元力量的联结点，马仙信俗也能在金包山村村落内部协调新乡贤、民间组织、村两委、村民等多元主体，促进乡村社会的建设与发展，发挥文化治理的作用。马仙信俗作为传统文化，在当代景宁乡村社会治理中具有积极价值。

本文第一章介绍了景宁县的整体背景与马仙信俗的基本情况。首先，从景宁地区的地理条件、主要生计方式以及地方信仰生态等方面入手，说明了景宁山川和历史文化土壤。其次，按照时间顺序，介绍马仙信俗的起源、扩张和当代传承发展的过程。并对马仙的传说、神职以及庙宇的相关情况进行了概括性描述。

本文第二章详细描述了景宁县内鸬鹚、葛山和金包山三个村子的历史概况及其迎神节俗。章节梳理了村落历史沿革、族姓发展史以及马仙宫史，并对三个村子的迎神节俗进行详细描述。对于这三个共享马仙信俗的村落而言，迎神节是最为重要的祭祀活动之一。在鸬鹚村，七月七的仪式是所有马仙信众共同参与的庆祭日，各村民都会前往鸬鹚村参与祭祀活动。葛山村的迎神节持续三天，规模宏大，有神像巡境、道教科仪、舞板凳龙等环节。金包山的迎神节只持续一天，包含村民祭祀、共进餐食以及道教科仪环节。马仙信俗遍布景宁各个村落，葛山和金包山代表了两种不同类型的马仙信俗。一种举办数天盛大庆典，另一种则是简约而不失隆重。

本文第三章以鸬鹚村与葛山村的冲突事件为案例，展示了两个村子如何基于文化认同，在民俗协商中调整村落间关系。首先，探索了鸬鹚与葛山从“凝聚”到“分离”的历史关系：鸬鹚吴姓与葛山刘姓曾在弘治年间世代联姻、顺治年间合修鸬鹚祖殿，然而，因祖殿主权和祭祀规则问题，当代两村村落关系恶化。其次，祭祀仪式前夕，村落间冲突一触即发，所幸基于马仙文化认同，两村具备民俗协商的可能性与创造性。可能性：对发扬马仙文化的达成共识，使得他们可以协商并遵守新的祭祀规则。创造性：在此次协商后，两个村子发展出新的村落关系和在实践中创造新的集体记忆。但是，探索民俗协商治理的过程仍充满了挑战性，目前鸬鹚与葛山的关系仍是“如履薄冰”。
    本文第四章以金包山村为案例，分析了围绕马仙信俗的多元主体力量如何基于文化认同进行合作，推动乡村社会的建设与发展。首先，对村落历史上的传统民俗组织进行梳理，例如缘首会、祖殿管理组织以及六甲会首组织。其次，梳理村庄内的现代力量，分析了马仙文化研究会、新乡贤以及景宁基层政权在传承和发扬马仙文化方面的作用。阐述了围绕马仙信俗文化形成的有形组织力量的历史沿革和发展。最后，分析金包山村为例的文化治理实践，论述了金包山村的多元力量通过重建马仙宫，凝聚乡村共识，推动廊桥和叶氏宗祠等乡村建设工作的过程。

Rural governance is one of the core components of China's rural revitalization strategy, with folk traditions playing a crucial role in rural culture and governance. As urbanization accelerates, many villages face challenges such as population loss and hollowing out, highlighting the importance of effective rural development and governance. Based on field investigations and participant observations, this study examines the Maxian folklore culture in three villages in Jingning County, Zhejiang Province, from the perspective of folk negotiation. The research reveals that Maxian folklore, as a shared cultural heritage among villages in Jingning, fosters cultural identity and facilitates inter-village relations, promoting social harmony and adjustment.

The first chapter provides an overview of Jingning County's background and the basic characteristics of Maxian folklore. It begins by describing the geographical conditions, main livelihoods, and local belief ecology of Jingning, providing context for understanding the region's cultural landscape. Subsequently, the chapter outlines the origin, expansion, and contemporary development of Maxian folklore, highlighting the legends, divine roles, and temple structures associated with Ma Xian.

Chapter two offers a detailed description of the historical background and ritual practices of the Maxian folklore in three villages: Luqi, Geshan, and Jinbaoshan. The chapter examines the historical evolution, clan development, and temple history of these villages, elucidating the significance of the Maxian festival as a vital aspect of communal life. While the rituals share similarities across the villages, each community has its unique customs and traditions, reflecting the diversity within Maxian folklore culture.

Chapter three delves into the relationship between Maxian folklore and rural social governance, focusing on how folk negotiations facilitate the adjustment of inter-village relations. Using a conflict event between Luqi and Geshan villages as a case study, the chapter explores how cultural identity serves as the basis for resolving conflicts and promoting mutual understanding. Despite historical tensions, the shared cultural heritage of Maxian folklore enables villagers to engage in constructive dialogue and establish new norms for ritual practices, demonstrating the potential for cultural consensus and collective memory formation.

Chapter four analyzes the role of various stakeholders in promoting rural development and governance through Maxian folklore, using Jinbaoshan Village as a case study. It examines the historical development of traditional folk organizations and modern institutions, such as the Maxian Culture Research Association and village governance structures, highlighting their contributions to cultural preservation and community cohesion. The chapter further illustrates how collaboration among diverse stakeholders, based on cultural identity, drives village revitalization efforts, as evidenced by the reconstruction of the Maxian temple and other infrastructure projects in Jinbaoshan Village.