《莊子》作為先秦子學經典著作，有着兩千餘年的注釋、研究歷史，圍繞《莊子》文本的詞義解釋問題，形成了紛繁複雜、觀點鋒出的諸多歧解。本文旨在梳理《莊子》訓詁史資料的基礎上，全面匯纂《莊子·內篇》歷代訓詁歧解，並運用訓詁學的方法，選取典型條目，對諸家注解進行綜理、分析，從語言系統和文本語境等方面綜合判斷其訓詁效度，進而總結、概述《莊子》訓詁的特點及《莊子》訓詁史的得失。
緒論部分概述了論文的研究宗旨及研究背景。論文以整理、平議《莊子·內篇》歧解為宗旨，《莊子》故訓的整理、訓詁學的積累與現代轉型分別是研究的材料、理論基礎。《莊子》故訓資料在早期主要通過集解、集釋進行匯纂，現代莊學則通過大型叢書的編纂與歧解的輯錄在材料彙集和觀點呈現兩方面予以推進。訓詁學為歧解的評判提供了關鍵的理論支撐。歧解評判的核心標準在於語言文字確定性的把握，訓詁學的確定性標準分別在語義、語境、系統條理三個方面展開，在微觀、中觀、宏觀三個角度衡量歧解的效度。具備確定性的訓詁應當覈於語義、合於語境，並在語言系統、文本語境有充分的證明。
第一章概括了《莊子》歧解歷時演進的基本面貌，描述了《莊子》歧解的諸種類型。第一節從訓詁文獻的性質及訓詁歧解的積累的角度，概述了《莊子》訓詁史的五個階段及其特點。第二節主要對《莊子》歧解進行了語言學分類及樣例分析。《莊子》歧解是在不同層次的語言單位上產生的，由小到大包括詞彙意義、字詞關係、句法結構等層面，在發生條件和側重方向上各有其特色。
第二章介紹了本文採錄《莊子》歧解的原則、技術手段與整理的方法。第一節主要說明歧解採錄的範圍、性質與依託工具。本文歧解材料收錄範圍是有關《莊子·內篇》的古今注釋與考證，以詞義訓詁為核心，兼及文意的說解，以集成《莊子》各家古注的“《莊子》全文”數據庫作為技術平台。第二節對崔大華《莊子歧解》整理方法的長處與不足進行了評說與總結。本文採取的是基於“義—訓”系統，即將諸家歧解先按照語言的義位分類，再在每一個義位下分列不同訓釋的整理框架，以語言訓詁作為歧解分合的根本標準，適合於《莊子》複雜歧解的歸類與整理。
第三章論述了本文平議《莊子·內篇》疑難詞義問題所運用的方法，包括語義、語境、語法、考據原則、《莊子》自身特點等方面，並附以例釋。語義的方法立足於語言系統的聚合軸，在詞義系統內全面、準確地描述被訓釋詞的意義，包括考察義項存否、分析詞義特點及追索詞源意義等。語境、語法的方法則著眼於語言系統的組合軸，通過語詞搭配、辭例制約、上古漢語基本語法規律的考察確定詞義。考據原則指訓詁考證立論的規則，藉助取證、釋理等環節的考察，判斷考證是否具備必要的效度與信度。此外，《莊子》的用詞特點、義理旨趣、互證文本等亦是訓詁平議所必須依賴的關鍵內證。本文的訓詁平議是以上方法的綜合運用。
第四章為《莊子·內篇》典型條目的訓詁平議，按內七篇分節排列。平議以訓詁學的方法為中心，結合語法學、文獻學等分析手段，細緻考察《莊子》文本，針對“怒而飛”“培風”“大塊”“使其自已”“族庖月更刀，折也”“人之貌有與也”“求名實者也”“診其夢”“奚假魯國”“官天地”“翛然”“與造物者為人”等數十個《莊子》疑難詞義問題，梳理歧解源流，綜合考察判斷文獻詞義，在諸家歧解中求取文本詞義的確詁，並貫通於《莊子》文本的疏釋。
第五章對《莊子》歧解產生的動因作整體總結，分別就《莊子》訓詁過程的三個要素，即《莊子》本身、注釋者的理解、以及用以記錄《莊子》文本的語言文字進行論述。漢字漢語現象的複雜性為不同解釋的切入提供了語言文字基礎，注釋者對《莊子》語境的多樣歸納整體影響着訓詁解釋的方向，《莊子》文本的獨特個性與艱澀風格在增加《莊子》訓詁難度的同時也誘發歧解大量滋生。三者共同作用，遂產生了豐富的《莊子》歧解。
結語部分在《莊子》歧解平議的基礎上，對《莊子》訓詁史進行切面式的簡要總結。《莊子》諔詭奇異、富於變化的語言應用，與周代典範的文獻語言相比更具靈活創新性，也使《莊子》訓詁具備了相當的難度與特色。《莊子》注家從外部資料與本文兩種不同的角度出發注解《莊子》，遂形成了辭書求義與語境求義、破讀假借與文獻本文、字詞考據與章句串講、語詞訓釋與文意闡釋四組富有關聯的張力關係。理想的《莊子》訓詁應當是語義與語境、訓詁與義理的充分交融，在語言系統與文本語境的互動平衡中準確、完整地傳達《莊子》文句的豐富意義。
 

Zhuangzi, as a classic of Ziology in the pre-Qin period, has more than two thousand years of annotation and research history. Around the word meaning interpretation of the text of Zhuangzi, a lot of complicated and divergent opinions have been formed. On the basis of sorting out the exegetical history of Zhuangzi, this paper aims to compile a comprehensive compilation of exegetical discourses of Zhuangzi Neipian in the past dynasties. By using the method of exegetical studies, this paper selects typical items, makes a comprehensive analysis of the annotations of various scholars, and comprehensively judges the exegetical validity of Zhuangzi from the aspects of language system and text context, and then adumbrates and summarizes the exegetical characteristics of Zhuangzi and the gains and losses of the exegetical history of Zhuangzi.

The introduction part summarizes the research purpose and background of the thesis. The purpose of this thesis is to sort out and discuss disinterpretations of Zhuangzi Neipian. The material and theoretical basis of this research are the sorting out of the ancient teachings of Zhuangzi, the accumulation of exegetical studies and the modern transformation. In the early days, Zhuangzi's ancient teachings were compiled mainly through collected explanations, while modern Zhuangzi was promoted through collection of disinterpretations and compilation of large-scale books in terms of material collection and viewpoint presentation. Exegetics provides the key theoretical support for the evaluation of disambiguation. The core criterion of disambiguation evaluation lies in the grasp of the certainty of language and text. The certainty criterion of exegetics is developed in three aspects: semantic, contextual and systematic, and the validity of disambiguation is measured in three aspects: micro, meso and macro. A deterministic exegetical should be based on semantics, appropriate to context, and fully proven in the language system and text context.

The first chapter summarizes the basic features of the diachronic evolution of disinterpretations of Zhuangzi and describes various types of disinterpretations of Zhuangzi. From the point of view of the nature of exegetical documents and the accumulation of exegetical discourses, the first section summarizes the five stages and their characteristics of the exegetical history of Zhuangzi. The second section mainly makes linguistic classification and sample analysis of disinterpretations of Zhuangzi. Disinterpretations of Zhuangzi is generated at different levels of linguistic units, from small to large, including lexical meaning, word-word relationship, syntactic structure and other levels, and has its own characteristics in terms of occurrence conditions and direction of emphasis.

The second chapter introduces the principles, technical means and finishing methods of disinterpretations of Zhuangzi. The first section mainly describes the scope, nature and supporting tools of dissolving the collection. In this paper, the collection scope of dissolving materials is the ancient and modern annotations and textual research of Zhuangzi Neipian, with the semantic exegesis as the core and the interpretation of literary meaning. The database of "Zhuangzi Full Text", which integrates various ancient notes of Zhuangzi, is used as the technical platform. The second section comments and summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of the finishing method of Zhuangzi Qijie by Cui Dahua. Based on the system of "yi-xun", this paper adopts the arrangement framework that firstly classified Zhuangzi according to the sememe of the language, and then classified different interpretations under each sememe, and takes the exegetical interpretation as the fundamental standard of disambiguation, which is suitable for the classification and arrangement of disinterpretations of Zhuangzi.

The third chapter discusses the methods used to discuss the difficult word meaning of Zhuangzi Neipian, including semantics, context, grammar, principles of textual research, the characteristics of Zhuangzi itself and so on, with examples to explain. Based on the aggregation axis of the language system, the semantic method describes the meaning of the words to be interpreted comprehensively and accurately in the semantic system, including examining the existence of the meaning, analyzing the characteristics of the meaning and tracing the etymological meaning. The method of context and grammar focuses on the combination axis of language system, and determines the meaning of words through the collocation of words, the restriction of lexical examples, and the investigation of the basic grammatical rules of ancient Chinese. The principle of textual research refers to the rule of exegesis textual research, which determines whether textual research has the necessary validity and reliability by means of the investigation of evidence collection, interpretation and other links. In addition, the features of diction, the purport of argumentation, and the mutually verifiable texts of Zhuangzi are also the key internal proofs that must be relied upon in the exegetical discussion. The exegetical review in this paper is a comprehensive application of the above methods.

The fourth chapter is an exegetical discussion of the typical entries in Zhuangzi Neipian, arranged in sections according to the seven Neipian. Based on exegetical methods, combined with grammatical and philological analysis methods, discussion makes a careful study of the text of Zhuangzi, aiming at the "nu er fei", "pei feng", "da kuai", "shi qi zi yi", "zu bao yue geng dao zhe ye"," ren zhi mao you yu ye", "qiu ming shi zhe ye", "zhen qi meng" "xi jia Lu Guo", "guan tian di", "xiao ran", "yu zao wu zhe wei ren" and dozens of difficult word meaning problems in Zhuangzi, sorting out the source of the solution, comprehensive inspection and judgment of the meaning of text, in the solution of the text meaning is indeed exegetic, and through the overall understanding  of Zhuangzi.

The fifth chapter makes an overall summary of the causes of disinterpretations of Zhuangzi, and discusses the three elements of the exegesis process, namely Zhuangzi itself, the annotator's understanding, and the language used to record the text of Zhuangzi. The complexity of Chinese character phenomena provides the language and text basis for the entry of different interpretations. The various summaries of the context of Zhuangzi by annotators affect the direction of exegesis interpretation as a whole. The unique personality and difficult style of the text of Zhuangzi increase the difficulty of exegesis of Zhuangzi, but also induce the proliferation of disinterpretations. The three work together to produce a rich interpretation of Zhuangzi.

In the conclusion part, based on the discussion on the disinterpretations of Zhuangzi, the exegetical history of Zhuangzi is briefly summarized. Zhuangzi abound change of language application, compared with the model of the Zhou Dynasty literature language more flexible and innovative, also make the exegesis of Zhuangzi have considerable difficulty and characteristic. Scholars annotated Zhuangzi from external data or the cognition of text, two different aspects, thus forming the dictionaries to meaning and context for the righteous, customary pronunciation of a word and textual research, words or sentences construe and article colloquium, annotations of words and meaning interpretation of the four groups associated with tension. An ideal exegetical interpretation of Zhuangzi should be a full blend of semantics and context, exegetical interpretation and meaning, so as to accurately and completely convey the rich meaning of Zhuangzi's sentences in the interactive balance between language system and text context.

The appendix part is the Compilation of the disinterpretations of Zhuangzi Neipian, which includes all the exegetical materials of Zhuangzi Neipian by using the method of "yi-xun" system as the programmatic framework and the approach of hierarchical analysis for disinterpretations.