在互联网时代，伴随信息媒体的技术革新，传统的信息传播模式逐渐发生改变。在此背景下，弹幕作为一种新的具备互动特性的视频评论方式，迅速受到用户的青睐。弹幕从一开始的小众需求上升至主流，成为多数视频平台均引入的功能。现如今，人们不再满足于仅观看视频，他们更喜欢在观看视频的同时，通过弹幕了解其他用户的感受，以及享受与其他用户的互动过程。尽管弹幕在业界实践中取得了显著的成功，但关于弹幕是如何影响用户心理体验、用户行为的学术研究仍处于初级阶段。对于该问题的探讨有助于深入理解弹幕对用户心理体验和行为的影响，其揭示结果可以丰富媒体心理学和用户体验领域对于弹幕功能与用户心理关系的理论，且有助于线上视频平台改善弹幕功能，获取更多的用户参与及更强的用户粘性，提供现实启示。

已有研究提出，弹幕的主要特征包含同步性、匿名性、自主性，且同步性对于用户形成类社会互动感受、孤独感、信息补充、娱乐价值感受等有重要影响，同步性特征可进一步影响用户对于弹幕的参与意向和用户粘性。鉴于已有研究结果大多通过质性访谈、观察法等得出，缺少定量实证研究证据。因此，本文通过梳理国内外对弹幕特性、用户心理体验及用户行为的相关研究，结合刺激机体反应(SOR)模型，设计两项研究探讨弹幕同步性特征对用户参与意向的影响，及其内在心理机制。其中，研究一通过问卷调查方法，探讨弹幕同步性如何影响用户对弹幕视频的参与意向，及考察用户心理体验(即类社会互动、孤独感、信息补充和娱乐价值)的中介作用以及外向性的调节效应，研究二采用实验方法，操纵弹幕同步程度进一步检验研究一的结果。

研究一结果发现：(1)弹幕同步性对用户参与意向有正向影响；(2)弹幕同步性对类社会互动、信息补充、娱乐价值具有正向影响，对孤独感具有负向影响；(3)类社会互动、信息补充、娱乐价值对用户参与意向具有正向影响，孤独感对用户参与意向具有负向影响；(4)类社会互动、孤独感、信息补充、娱乐价值在弹幕同步性与用户参与意向间呈中介作用；(5)外向性调节类社会互动与用户参与意向之间关系，且调节类社会互动的中介作用；(6)外向性对于孤独感与用户参与意向之间关系的调节作用不显著，且对孤独感中介效应的调节效应不显著。研究二重复研究一的结果，仅外向性调节类社会互动与用户参与意向之间关系和调节类社会互动的中介关系未得到验证。上述结果表明弹幕同步性特征不仅能够增强用户参与意向，还能提供用户类社会互动感受，减少其孤独感，增加用户信息获取和丰富娱乐体验。本研究深入探讨了弹幕同步性如何通过用户心理体验影响用户参与弹幕的意愿。对该过程的揭示有助于人们更深入地理解弹幕同步性特征对受众心理和行为的影响。这不仅为优化弹幕功能提供理论基础，还对改善其用户体验设计具有启示意义。

In the Internet era, with the technological innovation of information media, the traditional information dissemination model has gradually changed. In this context, bullet screen, as a new interactive video comment style, has quickly become popular among users. Bullet screen has risen from niche demand to mainstream and has become a feature introduced by most video platforms. Nowadays, people are no longer satisfied with watching videos. They prefer to understand the feelings of other users through bullet screen while watching videos, and enjoy real-time interaction with other users. Although bullet screen has achieved significant success in industry practice, academic research on how bullet screen affects users' psychological experience and user behavior is still in its infancy. The discussion of this issue will help to deeply understand the impact of bullet screen on users' psychological experience and behavior. The results can enrich the theory of the relationship between bullet screen function and user psychology in the fields of media psychology and user experience, and help to design products. The operation platform improves the bullet screen function to obtain more user participation and stronger user stickiness to provide practical inspiration.

Studies have suggested that the main characteristics of bullet screen include synchronicity, anonymity, and autonomy, and synchronicity has an important impact on users' feelings of parasocial interaction, loneliness, supplementary information, and entertainment value. The synchronicity characteristics can be further Influence users' participation intention and user stickiness in bullet screen. In view of the fact that most of the existing research results are obtained through qualitative interviews, observation methods, etc., there is a lack of empirical research evidence. Therefore, this article combs through domestic and foreign related research on the characteristics of bullet screen, user psychological experience and user behavior, combined with the stimulation of organism response (SOR) model, and designs two studies to explore the impact of the synchronicity characteristics of bullet screen on user participation intention, and its Intrinsic psychological mechanisms. Among them, Study 1 uses a questionnaire survey method to explore how the synchronicity of bullet screen affects users’ intention to participate in the bullet screen function, and examines the mediating role of users’ psychological experience (i.e., parasocial interaction, loneliness, entertainment value and information supplementation) and Regarding the moderating effect of extraversion, Study 2 further adopted experimental methods and manipulated the degree of bullet screen synchronization to examine the above issues.

The results of the first study found that: (1) Bullet screen synchronicity has a positive impact on user participation intention; (2) Bullet screen synchronicity has a positive impact on parasocial interaction, information supplement, and entertainment value, and bullet screen synchronicity has a positive impact on loneliness. has a negative impact; (3) Parasocial interaction, information supplementation, and entertainment value have a positive impact on user participation intention, and loneliness has a negative impact on user participation intention; (4) Parasocial interaction, loneliness, information supplementation, Entertainment value plays a mediating role between bullet screen synchronicity and user participation intention. (5) Extraversion positively moderates the relationship between social interaction and participation intentions, as well as the mediating relationship of social interaction, but this was not verified in the experiment; (6) The moderating effect of extraversion on the relationship between loneliness and participation intentions is not significant, nor is the moderation of the mediating effect of loneliness. The results of study two replicate those of study one, with only the moderating role of extraversion in the relationship between social interaction and participation intentions and its mediating relationship not verified. The above results show that the synchronicity feature of bullet screen can not only enhance users' intention to participate, but also provide users with a sense of social interaction, reduce their loneliness, and enrich their entertainment experience and information acquisition. The results of this study help to understand the impact of the new media form of bullet screen video on the psychological experience and behavior of its audience. They also have implications for optimizing the bullet screen function and improving user experience design.