甘肃省从2021年秋季开始施行“3+1+2”选考模式，高考科目的选择关系到高中学校的教学安排，学生未来的志愿填报和职业规划，以及高校招生工作，高中物理的学习关系到高中生科学素养的培养。目前甘肃省内正处于新旧高考过渡期，调查省内高中生物理科目选考现状及影响物理科目选考的因素，可以更好地掌握甘肃省新高考改革的实际情况，调查结果可以使学校、老师、家长等对学生选考有更加深入地了解。

本研究基于社会认知生涯理论，采用问卷调查和访谈相结合的方法，调查了解了嘉峪关市三所普通高中2021级学生“3+1+2”选考模式实施现状，从正反双向思维分析了个人因素（自我效能感、自我预期、个人目标和兴趣）与环境因素（家庭、中学、同伴和社会）对学生选考/不选考的影响。针对调查结果反映的部分问题从学生自身、中学、家庭和高校这四个层面提出了对应的建议。

Gansu Province will implement the "3+1+2" selective examination mode from the autumn of 2021. The selection of college entrance examination subjects is related to the teaching arrangement of high school, students' future voluntary application and career planning, as well as college enrollment. The study of high school physics is related to the cultivation of high school students' scientific literacy. At present, Gansu Province is in the transitional period of the new and old college entrance examination. By investigating the current situation of physics examination selection of senior high school students in Gansu province and the factors that affect physics examination selection, we can better grasp the actual situation of the new college entrance examination reform in Gansu Province. The survey results can help schools, teachers and parents have a deeper understanding of students' examination selection.

Based on the theory of social cognitive career, this study adopts the method of combining questionnaire survey and interview to investigate and understand the implementation status of the "3+1+2" selective examination mode for students of grade 2021 in three ordinary high schools in Jiayuguan City. The influence of personal factors (self-efficacy, self-expectation, personal goals and interests) and environmental factors (family, middle school, peers and society) on students' choice of examination/choice of examination is analyzed from positive and negative two-way thinking. In view of some problems reflected in the survey results, corresponding suggestions are put forward from the four levels of students themselves, middle schools, families and universities.