本研究分别从睡眠质量、睡眠时长和睡眠规律性三个维度出发，结合拖延的稳定性和波动性，探究了睡眠和拖延之间的相互作用关系。同时，检验了自我调节资源和情绪性反刍在睡眠和拖延之间的不同中介作用。 本研究采用日记法收集数据，被试需要连续填答14天的问卷，每天早晨、中午和傍晚各填答一次。每天早晨，被试需要报告前一晚的睡眠和情绪性反刍情况，并且报告当下的自我调节资源情况。每天中午，被试需要报告当天的时间压力情况。每天傍晚，被试需要报告当天的拖延情况。最终，本研究采集了149名被试的有效数据，获得2064个观察日数据（回收率98.95%）。运用多水平结构方程模型进行假设检验。在个体内水平上，关注每日睡眠质量和睡眠时长与每日拖延的关系。在个体间水平上，关注个体睡眠规律性和拖延的关系。 针对睡眠和拖延的直接作用效应，在个体内水平，前一晚的睡眠质量能够显著负向预测白天的拖延，但是白天的拖延程度不能显著预测当晚的睡眠质量。前一晚的睡眠时长既不能显著预测白天的拖延，白天的拖延也不能显著预测当晚的睡眠时长。在个体间水平，睡眠规律性与个体的拖延水平没有显著的直接作用关系。 针对睡眠和拖延的间接作用效应，在个体内水平，形成了睡眠质量/时长和拖延的间接循环作用关系。前一晚的睡眠质量/时长能够通过早晨的自我调节资源、白天的拖延和当晚的情绪性反刍，来间接影响当晚的睡眠质量/时长。自我调节资源在前一晚的睡眠质量/时长和白天的拖延之间起中介作用。情绪性反刍在白天的拖延和当晚的睡眠质量/时长之间起中介作用。进一步比较睡眠质量和睡眠时长的效应大小，结果发现，睡眠质量对拖延的影响大于睡眠时长对拖延的影响。但是拖延对睡眠质量或睡眠时长的影响没有显著差异。最终睡眠质量和拖延的间接循环效应大于睡眠时长和拖延的间接循环效应。 在个体间水平，自我调节资源在个体的睡眠规律性和拖延之间起到中介作用。个体的拖延能够显著正向预测个体的情绪性反刍水平。但是个体的情绪性反刍不能显著预测个体的睡眠规律性。情绪性反刍没有在拖延和睡眠规律性之间起到中介作用。 在理论上，本研究拓展了睡眠和拖延研究的理论范畴，综合考查了个体内和个体间的作用关系。同时，本研究在前人研究基础上，进一步探究了睡眠影响拖延的作用机制。本研究还拓展了睡眠研究的维度，证明了睡眠规律性的重要作用。另外，本研究构建了睡眠和拖延的循环作用模型，并且探究了具体的作用机制。

From the within-person and between-person perspectives, the present study investigated the reciprocal relations between sleep quality/duration/regularity and procrastination. Based on the strength model of self-regulation, the effort-recovery model, and allostatic load model, the present study examined the different mediating role of self-regulatory resources and affective rumination. The present study conducted a diary study to gather 149 participants’ data over 14 consecutive days (2064 daily measurement points). The participants completed questionnaires three times a day using a smartphone. In the morning, the participants rated the affective rumination and sleep quality of the previous night, and the self-regulatory resources of the current morning. Day-specific time pressure was assessed at midday as a control variable, and day-specific procrastination was assessed in the evening. The demographic information and conscientiousness were collected as control variables before starting the diary. Using multilevel structural equation model (MSEM) to test hypotheses. On the within-level, the present study focused on the relations between daily sleep quality/duration and daily procrastination. On the between-level, the present study focused on the relation between individual sleep regularity and procrastination. The null model analysis indicated that it was necessary to take the stability and flexibility of procrastination into consideration. The results showed that the proportion of within-person variance is 47.8%, suggesting that it was necessary to explore the antecedents and outcomes of procrastination from both with-person and between-person perspectives. The multilevel structural equation model results indicated four main conclusions: (1) There was an indirect reciprocal relation between daily sleep quality and daily procrastination on within-person level. Specifically, the poor sleep quality of previous night diminished the self-regulatory resources in the next morning, which would lead to procrastination of the same day. In turn, daily procrastination gave rise to affective rumination at night, which would impair sleep quality at the same night. (2) There was an indirect reciprocal relation between daily sleep duration and daily procrastination on within-person level. Specifically, the insufficient sleep duration of previous night diminished the self-regulatory resources in the next morning, which would lead to procrastination of the same day. In turn, daily procrastination gave rise to affective rumination at night, which would reduce sleep duration at the same night. (3) There was a negative indirect relation between individual sleep regularity and procrastination with self-regulatory resources as a mediator on between-person level. But individual procrastination could not predict sleep regularity directly and indirectly. (4) There were stronger direct and indirect effects of sleep quality on procrastination, compared to that of sleep duration.