《义务教育语文课程标准（2022年版）》的颁布必将掀起新一轮语文课程改革的高潮，阅读作为语文学习的重要一环也将迎来新的变革。在课程标准中，课程总目标起引领作用，对于语文教学有重要指导意义。本文选择中美两国义务教育语文课程标准的阅读总目标进行比较与分析，探寻两国阅读总目标的异同。研究发现，中国阅读总目标围绕核心素养，美国则指向为升学和就业做准备，二者均尊重学生主体地位，重视阅读能力，并受意识形态的影响。此外，美国阅读总目标对阅读能力和阅读范围的要求更全面，强调跨媒介和跨学科阅读能力，重视信息类文本和文学类文本的阅读，这些都是值得中国借鉴的。

《Chinese curriculum standards of compulsory education》 promulgated in 2022 would make Chinese curriculum reform reach a new climax, and as an important part of Chinese learning，reading would also have new changes. In the curriculum standards, the general course objectives play a leading role and are important guidelines for literature and language teaching. This paper compares and analyzes the general reading objectives of the compulsory education curriculum standards in China and the United States to find out the differences and reasons. It is found that the general reading objectives in China are centered on key competencies, while the ones in the United States are directed toward college and career readiness. Meanwhile, they both respect students' dominant position, attach importance to reading ability, and are influenced by ideology. In addition, the American reading objectives have more comprehensive requirements for reading ability and reading scope, and they emphasize multi-media and multi-disciplinary reading ability and attach importance to the reading of information and literary texts，which China should learn from.