随着社会发展和技术提高，人们对于未来的能源储存系统的要求逐步提高。作为一种具有独特优势的二次能源，锂硫电池因其具有高理论比容量、高能量密度、正极材料成本低廉、环境友好等特点，成为了当下最具有研究前景的电池之一。然而，目前锂硫电池的商业化和实用化过程仍然受到一定限制。研究发现，锂硫电池仍存在硫正极导电性差、穿梭效应、活性物质损失、形成锂枝晶等一系列问题，这些缺陷导致电池的实际性能远低于其高理论值且循环寿命短，库伦效率低。近年来，国内外的研究者针对锂硫电池的问题提出了一系列的改进方法。本文对一些较典型的锂硫电池正极材料改进方法，如硫/碳复合、硫/金属氧化物、硫/金属碳化物、硫/金属氮化物、硫/金属硫化物、硫/金属氢氧化物复合等方法进行了介绍和总结。通过对硫主体材料的组成和结构进行调控，可以有目的地提高硫正极的导电性；为硫在充放电过程中的体积变化提供缓冲作用；提高主体材料对多硫化锂的捕获能力，抑制穿梭效应。通过对改性正极材料的总结，为今后的研究提供新的思路以及对锂硫电池投入实际应用奠定基础。

 With the development of society and technology, the requirements of human for future energy storage systems are gradually increasing. As a secondary energy source with unique advantages, lithium-sulfur batteries have become one of the most significant research batteries because of their high theoretical specific capacity, high energy density, low cost and environmental friendliness. However, several drawbacks will impede their practical applications, such as poor conductivity of sulfur cathodes, the long-chain polysulfides dissolve into the liquid electrolyte. The soluble polysulfides migrate between the cathode and anode in a working Li?S battery and induce the corrosion of the lithium metal anode and severe self-discharge, which is known as the “shuttle effect” and formation of lithium dendrites. These defects lead to low specific capacity and cycle life, Coulombic efficiency degrade rapidly. In order to solve these problems, domestic and foreign researchers have proposed a series of improved methods. This paper introduces and summarizes typical lithium-sulfur battery cathode material improvement methods, such as carbon-sulfur compound, sulfur/metal oxide compound, sulfur/metal carbide compound, sulfur/metal nitride compound, sulfur/metal sulfide compound, sulfur/metal hydroxide compound, etc. By regulating the composition and structure of the sulfur host material, they can improve the conductivity of materials and alleviate the volume expansion of sulfur. Moreover, they also have a strong adsorption effect on polysulfide ions, which can effectively suppress the shuttle effect. Summarizing the modified cathode materials can provide new ideas for future research and lays a foundation for the practical application of lithium-sulfur batteries.