随着教育的改革和发展，教育科研越来越受到重视。小学教育科研是教育科研的一个特殊领域，它的研究主体是广大小学校长和小学教师，小学教育科研对于指导小学教育改革、提高小学教育质量、丰富小学教育理论、提高小学教师素质的意义已毋庸置疑。北京是中国的首都，城乡发展依然不均衡，这不仅表现在经济上，同样折射在教育的发展上。北京农村小学教育科研的管理、有效性势必会影响其教育质量的提升。本研究通过对已有研究资料的分析，在厘清与界定核心概念的基础上，构建出小学教育科研的理论分析基础；以北京市通州区、大兴区、平谷区和石景山区的5所农村小学为研究对象，采用文献研究法、调查研究法，通过问卷和访谈，对这5所学校的管理者和教师分别作了调查；运用SPSS13.0、PASW Statistics 18数据分析工具，采用基本描述统计分析、多重反应下的频次分析以及独立样本T检验等手段进行分析；结合相关理论基础，借鉴成功经验，参照国外相关研究及小学教育科研实践，提出提升北京市农村小学教育科研有效性的策略。本研究通过调研发现北京市农村小学教育科研存在：缺乏专门的教育科研经费；教师的教育科研素养不高；教师开展教育科研的时间得不到保障；管理者与教师的教育科研理念存在分歧；教育科研管理制度不完善；教育科研与实际教育教学工作脱节等方面的问题。存在上述问题的原因有：教育行政部门不够重视；教师的学历普遍不高，不具备开展教育科研的能力；教师工作繁忙、任务重；教育科研的管理者与教师之间缺乏沟通。最后，从教育行政部门、学校和教师三个层面提出提升农村小学教育科研有效性的策略。教育行政部门应重视教育科研工作、加大对教育科研的专项经费投入、完善各项教育科研规章制度、积极组织相关专家对农村小学教育科研进行指导。学校应该完善教育科研制度，完善评价机制和激励制度、加强过程管理与指导、注重教育科研队伍的建设、促进成果的推广和应用以及保障教师进行教育科研的时间和资源。教师应该增强科研意识、积极学习教育科研的理论知识和研究方法、积极参与教育科研活动和优秀科研成果的应用。

With the reform and development of education, more and more attention has paid in education research. Primary school education scientific research is a special field of education research, its research subject is the primary school headmaster and teachers, there is no doubt that primary school education scientific research is significant to guide the reform of elementary education, improve the quality of elementary education, enrich the elementary school education theory, and improve the quality of primary school teachers. Beijing is the capital of China, development of urban and rural areas is still not balanced, not only show on economy, also reflection on the development of education. Beijing rural primary school education scientific research’s management and effectiveness is bound to affect the education quality.This study builds analysis basis of theoretical analysis of primary school education scientific research through analysis the existing research materials and clarifying and defining the core concepts. Five rural primary schools of Tongzhou district, Daxing district, Pinggu district and Shijingshan district of Beijing is the research object. This study uses literature study and investigation study method to made a survey of the school managers and teachers through questionnaire and interview respectively; SPSS13.0, PASW Statistics and data analysis tools, the basic description of statistical analysis, frequency analysis under the multiple reaction and independent samples T test statistical analysis methods are analyzed; Combined with related theoretical basis, draw lessons from successful experiences of reference foreign related research and the practice of primary school education research, this study puts forward to the strategies of promotion effectiveness of Beijing rural primary school education scientific research.Through the survey, this research found Beijing rural primary school education scientific research is: lack of special education fund; shortage of Teachers' education scientific research quality; Time to carry out the education scientific research of Teachers not guaranteed; differences concepts of education research between managers and teachers; imperfection of education scientific research management system; Disjoint between education scientific research and practical education teaching work, etc. The reasons of these problems include: indifference of the administrative departments of education; educational background generally not enough, lack of capacity to carry out the education scientific research; Busy works and heavy tasks ofteachers; lack of communication between managers and teachers, etc.Finally, this study proposed the strategies of promotion effectiveness of Beijing rural primary school education scientific research from the administrative departments of education, schools and teachers. Educational administrative departments should attach importance to education research work, increase the funding of special education scientific research, make perfect of the rules and regulations of education scientific research, and actively organize relevant experts on rural primary education scientific research for guidance. Schools should make perfect of the education research system including making perfect of the evaluation and incentive system, strengthening management and guiding the process, valuing constructing the research teams of teachers, and promoting the popularization and application of the results, and protecting the time and resources of teachers to take part in education scientific research. Teachers should enhance scientific awareness, learn theories and research methods in education scientific research actively, and participate in educational research activities and the applications of outstanding achievements in scientific research actively.