煤炭在我国能源结构中占有重要地位，建设大型煤炭基地，对于满足经济社会发展需要、保障国家能源安全具有重要意义。但是，随着煤炭需求的不断增加、基地建设的不断深入，煤炭基地定位与作用、煤炭工业与相关产业、煤炭市场与价格、生态建设与环境治理、经济发展与社会和谐等矛盾和问题，逐步显现并不断加剧，严重阻碍了煤炭工业的可持续发展和煤炭基地区域经济社会的协调发展。必须在科学发展观的指导下，深入探索促进煤炭基地协调发展的理论和方法，研究提出煤炭基地区域经济社会协调发展的有效途径及相应对策。本文以煤炭基地区域为研究对象，通过分析煤炭基地区域经济社会发展面临的突出问题和制约因素，采用理论研究与实证分析相结合、系统分析与模型分析相结合、定性分析与定量分析相结合的方法，初步研究分析了我国煤炭基地区域协调发展这一重大问题，探索性地提出了煤炭基地区域协调发展路径和政策措施。研究结果表明：（1）煤炭基地区域协调发展研究的理论基础和分析方法丰富多样，主要包括可持续发展理论、协调发展理论、管治理论、系统动力学方法和多目标决策方法。可持续发展是我国经济社会发展的重要指导方针和战略目标，也是研究煤炭基地区域协调发展的重要理论指导；协调发展是可持续发展的核心问题，也是煤炭基地实现经济社会又好又快发展的理论基础；管治是一种新兴的管理模式和治理手段，也是促进煤炭基地协调发展的理论实践；系统动力学是分析和模拟动态复杂系统的有效方法，也是研究分析煤炭基地系统发展变化规律的重要工具；多目标决策方法是寻求特定条件下多目标系统最优结果的重要方法，也是解决煤炭基地各种矛盾，平衡各方利益，促进区域协调发展的有效手段。（2）基于上述理论与方法，对煤炭基地区域系统组成、内在机制、运行框架及外部关系等进行了深入分析，并构建了区域协调发展评价指标体系及评价模型。煤炭基地区域系统主要包括煤炭、经济、环境与社会四个子系统，各子系统之间既互为动力又存在矛盾冲突，各子系统之间的协同作用是区域系统协调发展的重要基础。同时，各子系统又分别与外界之间存在对立、同一等关系，建立起良好的外部环境是区域协调发展的重要条件。通过对煤炭基地区域子系统及其与外界关系特点的系统分析，提出了由5大类型18个具体指标组成的区域协调发展评价指标体系，5大类型指标包括煤炭发展指标、生态环境指标、经济发展指标、社会发展指标和与国家的协调发展指标。在此基础上，采用集对论及改进的生长曲线方法，构建了协调发展指数评价模型，为煤炭基地系统的协调发展评价提供了科学依据。（3）选择晋陕蒙煤炭基地区域，实证分析了煤炭基地区域发展现状，并对山西省大同市、陕西省榆林市和内蒙古区鄂尔多斯市等3个典型城市进行了协调发展水平的初步评价，提出了促进该地区协调发展的对策建议。从发展现状看，该区域在煤炭开采与生态平衡、产业结构与经济效益、经济增长与劳动就业、资源配置与社会公平、比较优势与竞争优势等方面还存在不相协调的矛盾和问题。从评价结果看，煤炭地区的协调发展程度与该地区所处的社会经济发展阶段密切相关，处于开发初期的煤炭城市，由于更多地关注煤炭产业，其协调发展指数较低，而处于稳定发展阶段的地区协调指数一般较高。在此基础上，提出了九项促进该地区区域协调发展的对策建议：争取综合改革试点，成立协调机构，建立管治组织，优化发展环境，完善补偿机制，推进结构调整，发展循环经济，改善人民生活与注意安全生产等。（4）在上述研究基础上，综合提出了促进我国煤炭基地区域协调发展的指导思想、基本原则、主要目标及政策建议。坚持统筹煤炭工业与相关产业协调发展，统筹煤炭开发与生态环境协调发展，统筹矿山经济与区域经济协调发展，通过煤炭基地区域协调发展试点及推广，充分发挥煤炭基地在保障国家能源安全方面的作用，基本解决区域存在的经济结构、资源环境等突出矛盾和问题，显著增强区域经济社会协调发展能力，构建与社会主义市场经济体制相适应的煤炭基地新型发展模式，促进煤炭基地区域经济社会全面协调可持续发展。通过强化规划管理，完善煤炭资源开发监管体系，提高市场准入门槛，改革价格形成机制，加快市场建设，完善创新煤炭行业管理体制。通过构建新型管治体系框架，培育组织协调机制，建立煤炭基地区域新型管治体系。通过提高资源回收率，发展清洁生产，强化废弃物处理，加强生态环境整治，进一步推进煤炭基地循环经济发展。通过延伸煤炭产业链，发展替代产业，培育新兴产业，促进煤炭与相关产业协调发展。通过完善煤炭发展相关法规，加大国家对煤炭基地建设的投入，改进生态环境补偿政策，促进外部发展环境优化和协调。通过制定和完善财政税收政策、产业政策、生态环境保护政策和人才利用政策，强化协调发展的政策保障。

Coal takes a significant position in the energy structure of China. The construction of large coal bases is vital to meet the needs of economic and social development and the national energy security. However, with increasing needs of coal and the progressing of construction of coal bases, problems of orientation and function of coal bases, of relationship between coal industry and related industries, of coal market and price, of ecological improvement and environmental protection, and of harmonious development of economy and society gradually surface and tend to become serious. The problems have handicapped the sustainable development of coal industry, and affected the harmonious development of economy and society in the coal bases regions. Therefore, we must deeply study the theories and methods of promoting the coordinated and balanced development of coal bases under the guide of the Scientific Concept of Development, and give efficient ways and policies thereafter.This thesis takes the coal bases regions as the object of study. With methods of combining theoretical and empirical research, system and model analysis, qualitative and quantitative analysis, it analyzes the main problems and restraining factors for the development of the economy and society in the regions of coal bases, explores the path to realize the coordinated and balanced development of coal base regions, and makes some policy suggestions. The main conclusions are:I. The theoretical basis and analyzing methods for the study of the coordinated and balanced development of coal base regions can be various, which mainly includes the theory of sustainable development, of coordinated and balanced development, of governance, of system dynamics, and of multi-objectives decision-making. Sustainable development is an important guide of and a strategic objective for China’s economic and social development, and also a significant theoretical guide for the study of the coordinated and balanced development of coal base regions. Coordinated and balanced development is the core issue of sustainable development, and the theoretical basis for the coal bases to achieve sound and fast development of economy and society. Governance is a newly developed managing paradigm and instrument, and the theory and practice of the promotion of coordinated and balanced development of the coal base regions. System dynamics is an efficient way of analyzing and simulating a complex dynamic system, and an important tool to study the rules of the systematic development and change of the coal bases. Multi-objectives decision-making is a significant method to seek for the best result of a multi-objective system under certain conditions, and a good way to resolve various contradictions, balance interests, and promote coordinated development in the coal bases.II. Based on the above-mentioned theories and methods, the thesis deeply analyzes the systematic composition, the internal mechanism, the development frame, and the external relations of the coal base regions, establishes an index system of regional coordinated and balanced development and an evaluation model. A coal base region system mainly includes four sub-systems, i.e. coal, economy, environment and society. The sub-systems can be both promoting and contradictive to each other, and their coherent actions are important to regional coordinated and balanced development. Meanwhile, the relationship between the sub-systems and the outside environment follows the rule of opposition and unity, a good outside environment is key to the regional coordinated and balanced development. Through a systematic analysis of the sub-systems and the characteristics of their relations to the outside environment, the thesis gives an index system of regional coordinated and balanced development composed of five types and 18 indicators. The five types are: the coal development, the ecological environment, the economic development, the social development, and the co-ordination with the state. Based on the system is an evaluation model of coordinated and balanced index using set pair theory and improved growth curve method, which can offer scientific proof to the evaluation of the coordinated and balanced development of coal base regions.III. The thesis chooses the Shanxi-Shaanxi-Innermongolia coal base region as the objective of empirical study, analyses its current development, makes primary evaluation of coordinated and balanced development levels for three typical cities, i.e. Datong in Shanxi, Yulin in Shaanxi, and Ordos in Inner Mongolia, and gives suggestions to promote the region’s coordinated and balanced development. From the angle of its current development, lack of coordination and balance can be seen in the relationship between coal mining and ecological preservation, industrial structure and economic benefits, economic growth and employment, the allocation of resources and social justice, the comparative and competitive advantages. From the angle of evaluation results, the thesis believes that the level of coordinated and balanced development of a coal base region is closely related to the social-economic stage in which the region is. A coal-mining city in early stage of tapping has low coordinated and balanced development indices because it concentrates more on the coal industry, whereas a region in stable development stage generally has higher indices. Based on the empirical study, the thesis gives nine suggestions to promote the coordinated and balanced development in the region, i.e. compete for comprehensive reforming pilot projects, establish coordinating institutions, form governing organizations, optimize development environment, promote structural readjustment, improve reimbursement mechanism, develop circular economy, improve people’s life, and pay attention to safety in production.IV. Based on the above-mentioned research, the thesis gives guidelines, principles, main goals and policy suggestions for promotion of coordinated and balanced development of China’s coal base regions. It suggests that: The coal industry and related industries should be developed in a well-coordinated manner. Tapping of coal resources should be coordinated with the preservation of ecological environment, economic development of mining areas and the region should be coordinated. By beginning and popularizing pilot projects of coordinated and balanced development in coal base regions, the country can exert the function of coal bases to assure the nation’s energy safety; generally resolve apparent questions and contradictions of economic structure, resources, and environment in coal base regions, improve regional ability of realizing coordinated and balanced development of economy and society; establish a new development paradigm in coal base regions that suits the mechanism of socialist market economy; promote a comprehensive, balanced and sustainable development of regional economy and society. By strengthening planning management and perfecting the supervising system of tapping coal resources, the country can raise market access requirements, reform the pricing mechanism, speed the market construction, and recreate the management system of coal industry. By raising the recovery rate of resources, developing clean production, intensifying disposal of waste, reinforcing ecological preservation, the country can further promote the cycling economy in coal base regions. By extending industrial chains of coal, developing substitute industries, fostering new industries the country can promote the coordinated development of coal and related industries. By consummating laws and regulations regarding the development of coal industry, increasing state investment in construction of coal bases, reforming the environment reimbursement policies, the country can optimize and coordinate the outside environment for development. By making and perfecting fiscal, taxing, industrial, ecological preserving and human resource policies, the country can fortify the policy guarantee of coordinated development.