从 81 份裁判文书来看，法院对《涉外民事关系法律适用法》第 16 条第 1 款代理的适用范围界定不清，在解决机关代理纠纷上，出 现适用公司属人法与代理行为地法律的分歧。机关代理适用代理行 为地法律，会造成外部对公司运行决策的过分干预，适用代理关系 发生地的实质就是在适用公司属人法，可直接适用 14 条第 1 款。法 定代理由于其设立的目的在于保护被代理人的合法利益，并不鼓励 法定代理人积极从事商业活动，且现有的 25 条、30 条足以解决法 定代理纠纷。因此，机关代理与法定代理不适用 16 条。职务代理中， 法人或者非法人组织在授予职员职位的同时授予代理权，本质上接 近于意定代理，意定代理与职务代理适用第 16 条。代理授权具有独 立性与非要式性，授权地法律由于上述性质难以确定，判断代理人 与被代理人之间是否具有代理关系不宜适用授权地法律，可以适用 代理人的经常居住地或营业地法律。代理人与被代理人之间的内部 关系应适用委任合同缔约地法，同时以代理人经常居住地或营业地 法律作为没有基本法律关系的兜底条款。

From the 81 adjudication documents, the courts are unclear about the scope of application of the first paragraph of Article 16 of the foreign law of agency, in the resolution of disputes on agency of organs, the application of the personal law of the company and the law of the place where the agency act occurs diverge. The application of the law of the place where the agency acts will result in excessive external interference in the company's operational decisions, and the application of the essence of the place where the agency relationship takes place is in the application of the personal law of the company, which can be directly applied to Article 14(1). Statutory agency, because it is established to protect the legitimate interests of the agent, does not encourage the statutory agent to actively engage in business activities, and the existing articles 25 and 30 are sufficient to resolve disputes over statutory agency. Therefore, Article 16 does not apply to agency of authorities and statutory agency. In office agency, a legal or unincorporated organisation grants the right of agency at the same time as granting an office to an employee, which is essentially close to intentional agency, and Article 16 applies to intentional and 5 office agency. The law of the place of authorisation is difficult to determine due to the above-mentioned nature, so it is not appropriate to apply the law of the place of authorisation to determine whether there is an agency relationship between the agent and the agent, but rather the law of the agent's habitual residence or place of business. The internal relationship between the agent and the represented shall be governed by the law of the place where the contract of appointment is concluded, while the law of the agent's habitual residence or place of business shall be used as a subordinate clause without the basic legal relationship.