中文题名: | 供销合作领域反腐败合规问题研究 |
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保密级别: | 公开 |
论文语种: | 中文 |
学科代码: | 035101 |
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学生类型: | 硕士 |
学位: | 法律硕士 |
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学位年度: | 2022 |
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学院: | |
研究方向: | 刑法学 |
第一导师姓名: | |
第一导师单位: | |
提交日期: | 2022-06-14 |
答辩日期: | 2022-05-29 |
外文题名: | STUDY ON ANTI-CORRUPTION COMPLIANCE IN SUPPLY AND MARKETING COOPERATION |
中文关键词: | |
外文关键词: | Supply and marketing cooperatives ; Criminal compliance ; Anti-corruption compliance ; Compliance management |
中文摘要: |
供销合作社是中国现代经济历史上的独特产物,在中国计划经济时期发挥过很大作用,但多年来供销社却始终处在政府机关、事业单位、社会群团、国企“四不像”的尴尬局面:供销合作社虽然并非政府部门组成机关,但履行了政府部门委托的部分行政管理职责,并直接参与了市场经济活动;既有农村的联合经营机构性质,又都按照国家公务员法管理;又是农村集体所有制性质,农民自己负责经营收益,同时又享受着国家财政拨款的支持。正所谓“内行人讲不清,外行人看不懂”。这种特殊体制和多元身份助长了部分供销合作社干部职工“捞一把”的思想,且给供销系统带来治理难题。
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步入社会主义市场经济时期后,党中央、国务院先后在1995年和2015年发布了政策文件,探索供销社运营管理模式的变革途径,以更好满足社会主义市场经济发展的需要。在2015年的《关于深化供销合作社综合改革的决定》中,国家进一步确定了供销合作社的性质,并明确提出要将供销合作社建设成与农民关系更密切、为农服务功能更全面、更有效的市场化集体经济组织,打造成服务于农民生产生活的生力军和整体综合性网络平台,党和人民政府紧密联系农村人民群众的主要桥梁纽带。 确定了供销合作社的经济组织性质,便要以经济组织的改革模式推进供销体制改革,经济组织要发展,就必须在宪法和法律的框架内活动,而我国供销合作领域面临刑事法律风险防控的现实难题,当务之急是要建立健全供销合作系统的刑事合规管理体系,刑事合规落实到供销合作领域本质上就是国家与供销合作社出于保护国家利益、集体利益和供销社的前途发展所应当采取的刑事政策、供销社内部组织架构的改良以及以风险识别、风险控制手段在内的一系列运行保障机制。建立并完善供销合作领域合规制度是保障供销合作在三农事业上的正常生产经营与实现内部治理的潜在要求,是实现集体资产的保持与增值的坚定后盾。根据供销合作领域的管理现状和腐败问题,供销合作社刑事合规制度的核心旨在构建以反腐败、反行贿为核心的重点领域合规管理和合规机制框架。一方面从外国预防商业行贿犯罪经验的借鉴,以法治手段督促企业组织履行好相应的合规职责,尽可能防止腐败问题的产生和集体财产的流失,以施加法律层面的合规责任在供销合作领域强制进行合规建设;另一方面,以刑事合规激励政策作为供销合作领域反腐败合规管理的推动机制,以宽严相济的司法手段引导更多的企事业单位、集体经济组织、国有企业等构建合规机制,走我国特色社会主义市场经济的发展路径,坚定不移的保障国家、集体利益和人民群众的根本利益,把市场经济的蛋糕做大做好,让每一个市场经济参与者都能享受改革的红利。 |
外文摘要: |
Supply and marketing cooperatives represent a special product in the history of China’s socialist economic booming, which have played an important role in the era of planned economy. Yet in these years, supply and marketing cooperatives have been in an awkward state standing at the crossroad of being a government unit, an institution, a party group or an enterprise: firstly, they are not a government department, whereas they undertake some of the administrative functions entrusted to them by the government and are directly engaged in market economy activities; secondly, they represent cooperative economic organizations for farmers, while it is managed with reference to civil servants; thirdly, they are concluded in a collective ownership system organizing its own income, and in the tandem, they are supported by financial supply by the state. In that, they are vaguely defined from inside out. This special system and multiple identities have encouraged some cadres and employees to “make benefits” in their thinking, and brought governance problems to the supply and marketing system.
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After entering the era of market economy, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council have issued documents in 1995 and 2015 respectively to explore the reform path of the supply and marketing cooperative model to suit the needs of the development of socialist market economy, better addressing the issues relating to agriculture; rural areas and farmers, and devoting to the revitalization in rural areas. In the Decision on Deepening the Comprehensive Reform of Supply and Marketing Cooperatives in 2015, Chinese government clarified the nature of supply and marketing cooperatives, which is expected to be built into a cooperative economic organization system with closer links to farmers, more complete service functions for farmers, and more efficient market-oriented operation, based on that, forge it into a vital force and comprehensive platform to serve farmers’ production and livelihood, and become a bridge and link to closely contact the masses of farmers for Communist Party of China and the government. Once the nature of the supply and marketing cooperatives as economic organizations is determined, the reform of the supply and marketing system must be promoted by the reform model of economic organizations. Economic organizations must develop within the framework of the constitution and laws, and the first point in legal practice is to establish a criminal compliance management system for the entire supply and marketing cooperative system. Criminal compliance in the field of supply and marketing cooperation is essentially a variety of management mechanisms and measures adopted by the state and supply and marketing cooperatives to protect the national interests, collective interests and the future development of supply and marketing cooperatives, including criminal substantive, procedural and internal risk control measures of supply and marketing cooperatives. The establishment and improvement of a compliance system in the field of supply and marketing cooperatives is a potential requirement to guarantee the normal production and operation of supply and marketing cooperatives in the cause of agriculture, rural areas, and farmers to achieve internal governance, and it is a firm backing for the maintenance and appreciation of collective assets. With reference to the governance dilemma and criminal phenomenon in the field of supply and marketing cooperation, the criminal compliance of supply and marketing cooperatives aims to establish a compliance management and compliance system system in key areas centred on anti-corruption and anti-bribery. On the one hand, there are foreign references to the prevention of commercial bribery offences of negligence. Its legal approach requires economic organizations to assume due responsibility for compliance, to avoid as far as possible the occurrence of criminal risks and the loss of collective state assets, and to construct a mandatory mechanism for criminal compliance with involuntary exclusion and discretionary recourse. On the other hand, the criminal compliance incentive system is expected to utilized as a motivating mechanism for anti-corruption compliance in the field of supply and marketing cooperation, and more administrative institutions, economic organizations and state-owned enterprises are encouraged to set up compliance systems with judicial practice of leniency and severity. Following the development path of a socialist market economy with Chinese characteristics, we will unswervingly safeguard the fundamental interests of the state, the collective and the people, and make the cake of the market economy bigger and better, so that every participant in the market economy can enjoy the dividends of reform. |
参考文献总数: | 43 |
馆藏号: | 硕035101/22102 |
开放日期: | 2023-06-14 |