古希腊的理性框架奠定了现代科学。重回希腊的健全理性之中，可以完善近代科学的理性缺陷。诸多学者认为希腊科学通过逻各斯与神话的斗争实现了独立，在对自然的研究摆脱了神话幻想的控制后，希腊科学才作为一种知识体系逐渐发展。也有学者提出相反观点，他们发现哲学家们并不都是纯粹的理性主义者，神话与科学在希腊同一地域共存。但“冲突”的隐喻深入人心，神话与科学总体上呈负面关系的叙事，长久且顽固地控制着大众思想。

科学并非凭空产生，一直扎根于古希腊文明之中的神话，是希腊科学诞生的原因，也是希腊科学的母体。希腊科学有着对象性、命运性和逻辑性三种特征，其产生都可以追溯到希腊神话，特别是《神谱》中。《神谱》中神人同形异构，虽然神拥有人一样的身体，且与人拥有相同的性情，但神人在生死上却有天壤之别。神人之间的严格界限让希腊人逐渐认识到事物有其自身，开始用自然来解释自然，不再诉诸超自然。希腊神话中更新和自我否定的内在机制和新旧之神的对抗与交替都表现出一种自然进化的过程。希腊悲剧中英雄们不可避免的悲剧性命运，也让希腊人意识到事物无情活动的必然性。哲学家们逐渐相信宇宙存在着一种不为主体意志所左右的外在客观性，在变化宇宙中找到了不变的存在。赫西俄德用神的谱系表达宇宙进化，讲述了每一个神的来龙去脉。逻辑严明的系统谱系宏扬了秩序、规则的概念，在其中蕴含着希腊科学理性的精神，它也是自然之逻辑构造的原始象征。

The rational framework of ancient Greece laid down modern science. Returning to the sound rationality of Greece can perfect the rational deficiencies of modern science. Many scholars have argued that Greek science achieved independence through the struggle of the Logos against myth, and that it developed gradually as a system of knowledge only after the study of nature was freed from the control of mythological illusions. Some scholars, on the contrary, have found that the philosophers were not all pure rationalists, and that myth and science coexisted in the same geographical area of Greece. But the metaphor of "conflict" is deeply embedded, and the narrative of a generally negative relationship between myth and science has had a long and persistent hold on popular thought.

Science did not come out of nowhere. Myth, which has always been rooted in ancient Greek civilization, is the reason for the birth of Greek science and the mother of Greek science. Greek science is characterized by objectivity, destiny, and logic, all of which can be traced back to Greek mythology, especially the Genealogy of the Gods. In the Genealogy of the Gods, the gods and men were isomorphic. Although the gods possessed the same body as human beings and had the same temperament as human beings, there was a world of difference between the gods and men in terms of life and death. The strict boundaries between gods and men made the Greeks gradually realize that things have their own selves, and began to explain nature with nature, no longer resorting to the supernatural. The inner mechanism of renewal and self-denial and the confrontation and alternation between the old and new gods in Greek mythology all show a natural evolutionary process. The inevitable tragic fate of the heroes in Greek tragedies also made the Greeks realize the inevitability of the relentless activity of things. Philosophers gradually came to believe in the existence of an external objectivity of the universe that was not subject to the will of the subject and found an unchanging existence in the changing universe. Hesiod expressed cosmic evolution in terms of a genealogy of the gods, telling the ins and outs of each one. The logical system of genealogy promotes the concepts of order and rule and contains in it the spirit of Greek scientific rationality, which is also the original symbol of the logical construction of nature.