齿肋赤藓(Syntrichia caninervis Mitt)是典型的荒漠耐旱藓类植物。在中国、哈萨克斯坦、俄罗斯、欧洲、北美、南极、阿根廷和土耳其均有分布，在我国主要分布在新疆、西藏、青海、宁夏和内蒙古等荒漠、高山草甸及高原地区。然而，齿肋赤藓叶片多具单层细胞，对环境变化十分敏感，却能够在生长环境差异如此巨大的条件下生存，这些看似巨大的生境差异，在植被群落特征、气候因子等方面是否存在什么共同之处还缺乏专门研究。因此，本研究以新疆北疆古尔班通古特沙漠和南疆帕米尔高原为研究区，运用植物生态学、植物区系地理学等方法，从群落特征、生境特点、区系成分及气候环境等方面，对齿肋赤藓种群生长地的生态学特征及其与环境之间相互关系展开了具体研究。具体研究结果如下： （1）南北疆齿肋赤藓生存地的生境类型多样。齿肋赤藓在古尔班通古特沙漠主要分布于腹地和东南部，选取腹地和南缘两个点作为研究区域，平均海拔约为563 m，该沙漠沙丘类型主要为固定沙丘和半固定沙丘，发现齿肋赤藓主要分布在固定沙丘的中下部以及沙丘之间的低地，尤其是灌丛下。在帕米尔高原发现其生境类型更加多样，海拔大约2231~4780 m，高原上的高寒荒漠、山地以及潮湿的山谷中均有发现齿肋赤藓分布，主要位于的较大岩石块旁，岩石缝隙中和小溪流边，以及低山带的岩石边缘或低矮灌丛下。 （2）南北疆齿肋赤藓分布地的植物构成种类差异很大，植物科分布区类型相似。北疆古尔班通古特沙漠齿肋赤藓生长地植物共有6科10属11种，小科和单种科在本地区占多数，藜科总数最多。南疆帕米尔高原齿肋赤藓生长地植物共有15科32属50种，小科、大科、较大科、单种科组成了本区系的主体，菊科总数最多。同时，所有研究区采样点中都没有中国特有种，世界分布科都占绝对优势，都具有热带和温带植被混杂现象，而且南疆帕米尔高原齿肋赤藓生长地比北疆古尔班通古特沙漠要明显，二者植物科分布区类型十分相似。从8种植物群落类型的生物多样性指数规律分析，可以发现南疆帕米尔高原齿肋赤藓生长地植物群落类型的生物多样性比北疆古尔班通古特沙漠的都要高。 （3）南北疆齿肋赤藓分布地伴生的群落类型差异显著。在北疆古尔班通古特沙漠可以分为两种：沙漠腹地的群落类型是白梭梭+梭梭小半乔木荒漠类型；沙漠南缘的群落类型为梭梭-沙拐枣小半乔木荒漠类型。在帕米尔高原可以分为六种：乌恰的植物群落类型为琵琶柴+垫状驼绒藜小半灌木荒漠类型；阿克陶的植物群落类型为火绒草-多枝黄耆亚高山草甸类型；塔什库尔干的植物群落类型有发草+西北针茅高寒荒漠草原类型、驼绒藜+座花针茅高寒荒漠草原类型、紫花针茅-矮亚菊高寒草原类型、紫花针茅-单头亚菊高寒草原类型。 （4）南北疆齿肋赤藓和环境之间的关系。由1970~2000年的气候数据分析可得，虽然北疆古尔班通古特沙漠齿肋赤藓生长地的大部分月均温都高于南疆帕米尔高原地区，但是可以发现这两地的降水有相似之处。两地春夏季5、6、7、8月平均降水量很接近，分别为17.5 mm和15.5 mm。由此可知，春夏季5、6、7、8月的降水是决定齿肋赤藓能否在此处生存的主要因子。此外，齿肋赤藓生长还与其伴生的植物群落类型也有关，伴生植物营造的微环境为齿肋赤藓生存提供了基础。

Syntrichia caninervis Mitt is a typical desert drought-resistible plant. It is distributed in China, Kazakhstan, Russia, Europe, North America, Antarctica, Argentina and Turkey. In China, it is mainly distributed in deserts, alpine meadows and plateau areas in Xinjiang, Tibet, Qinghai, Ningxia and Inner Mongolia. Although most leaves of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt have monolayers of cells and are very sensitive to environmental changes, Syntrichia caninervis Mitt can survive under conditions of such different growing environments. There is still a lack of specialized research on whether these seemingly different environments share any commonality in vegetation community characteristics, climatic factors, etc. Therefore, this study takes the Gurbantunggut Desert and Pamir Plateau as the research area, using plant ecology, flora geography and other methods to study the ecological characteristics of the habitats of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt’s population and its relationship with the environment from the aspects of community characteristics, habitat characteristics, floristic components, and climatic environment. The specific findings are as follows:. (1) The habitat types of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt in the northern and southern Xinjiang are variety. Syntrichia caninervis Mitt is mainly distributed in the hinterland and southeast of the Gurbantunggut desert, and two regions in the hinterland and south margin were selected as the study area, at an average elevation of 563 m approximately. The desert dune type can be divided into fixed dune and semi-fixed dune. It was found that Syntrichia caninervis Mitt are mainly distributed in the middle and lower parts of the fixed dunes and the lowlands between the dunes, especially under the shrubs. In the Pamirs plateau, the types of habitats are more variety, the elevation ranges from 2231 to 4780 m. The distribution of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt was found in the alpine deserts, mountains, and humid valleys on the plateau. It mainly locates next to large rock blocks, in the crevices of rocks and at the edge of streams, as well as under the rocky edges of low mountain belts or under low shrubs. (2) The species compositions of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt in north and south Xinjiang are very different, while the types of plant distribution are similar. There are 6 families, 10 genera and 11 species of plants in the growth area of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt in the Gurbantunggut Desert . Small families and single species accounted for the majority in this region, and the total number of Chenopodiaceae is the largest. There are 15 families, 33 genera and 50 species of plants in the growth area of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt in the Pamirs of south Xinjiang. Small families, large families, larger families, and single families constitute the main body of this region, and the total number of Asteraceae is the largest. At the same time, there is no Chinese endemic specie in sampling points in the research area, and the World Distribution Section has an absolute advantage. All of them have the phenomenon of tropical and temperate vegetation mixed, and the Pamir Plateau in south Xinjiang are more obvious than that in northern Gurbantong. The distribution areas of plant families in the two places are very similar.From the analysis of the biodiversity index rule of eight plant community types, it can be found that the biodiversity of the plant communities in the Syntrichia caninervis Mitt -growing areas of the Pamirs of south Xinjiang is higher than that of the Gurbantunggut desert in north Xinjiang. (3) There are significant differences in the types of communities associated with the distribution of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt in north and south Xinjiang. The community types in Gurbantunggut desert in north Xinjiang can be divided into two types: the community type in the desert hinterland is Haloxylon persicum + Haloxylon ammodendron semi-dungarunga desert; the community type in the south margin of desert is Haloxylon persicum - Calligonum mongolicum semi-dungarunga desert. The plant community of Pamirs can be divided into six types: the plant community of Wuqia is Reaumuria soongarica + Ceratoides compacta Small semi-shrub desert; the plant community type of Aketao is Leontopodium leontopodioides - Astragalus polycladus subalpine meadow; the plant community type of Taxkorgan is Deschampsia cespitosa + Stipa sareptana var. krylovii alpine desert steppe, Krascheninnikovia ceratoides + Stipa subsessiliflora alpine desert steppe, and Stipa purpurea - Ajania trilobata alpine steppe, Stipa purpurea - Ajania scharnhorstii alpine steppe. (4) The relationship between Syntrichia caninervis Mitt and the environment in north and south Xinjiang. It can be known from the analysis of climate data during 1970-2000 that although most of the monthly mean temperatures in the Gurbantunggut desert in north Xinjiang where Syntrichia caninervis Mitt grows are higher than those in the Pamirs plateau in south Xinjiang, it can be found that there are similarities in precipitation between these two places. The average precipitations of May,June,July and August in the spring and summer in the two places are very close, which are 17.5 mm and 15.5 mm. It light of this, precipitation in the spring and summer is the main factor that determines whether Syntrichia caninervis Mitt can survive here. In addition, the growth of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt is also related to the type of plant communities associated with them. The microenvironment created by the accompanying plants provides the basis for the survival of Syntrichia caninervis Mitt.