在“五四”至大革命失败这一时期，陈独秀对革命后中国将要建立的国家形态有过三次设想。 五四运动以后，陈独秀由民主主义者转为共产主义者。随着这种转变和陈独秀对俄国十月革命的新认识，他抛弃了迷信多年的资产阶级民主政治，转而主张效法苏俄建立一个无产阶级专政的 “劳动阶级的国家”，并对这个国家的政治、经济制度提出具体构想。 党的“二大”前后，在共产国际的指导下，中国共产党人开始认识到中国革命应分两步走。在国共合作的新形势下，陈独秀对于未来国家的设想发生第二次变化，即转而主张建立一个资产阶级民主共和国，由国民党掌握政权，并对这个国家的模式和制度作了设想。 大革命后期，陈独秀对未来国家的设想再次发生变化。根据共产国际的指示和陈独秀对中国国情的新认识，他提出 中国应以建立一个五农小资产阶级民主共和国为目标。这个国家在政治上应为互人阶级、农民阶级和小资产阶级的联合专政，在经济上实行多种经济成份并存的制度。 作为中国共产党第一任总书记，陈独秀关于未来国家的设想不独是他个人的设想。在这期间，他对中国革命前途问题的思考，对中国未来建立一个什么样的国家的探索，已成为中国共产党早期政治思想的一部分。这些思想的正确与错误，在当时、在后来都对党的政治思想产生了重要影响。

During "the May 4th' to the defeat of The National Revolution, Chen Duxiu had three times conceived the formation of state that would be established in China. After the May 4th Movement, Chen Duxiu transformed himself from a democrat into a communist. Along with the transformation and D.ew knowledge about Russian October Revolution of 1917, Chen discarded the bourgeois democratic politics which he had blinded faith in.He advocated that China would establish & state of Labour Classes of proletariat dictatorship, and he introduced the concrete condition of political and economic system of the coming state. About the Second Congress of the Chinese Communist Party (CCP)， the CCP began to realize that Chinese revolution should be divided into two stages. Under the instruction of Comintern and according to the situation of united front of Kuomintang and CCP, Chen changed his thought and turn to establish a Bourgeois Repulic, and kuomintang would wield the sceptre. Chen still conceived the model and system of the coming state. Chen Duxiu changed his mind in the latter part of the national Revolution. Besed on the Comintern's instruction and what he knew about Chinese national situation, he advocated that the aim of revolution is to establish a Democratic Republic of Worker’s, peastant’s and Petty Bourgeois’.In politics, the state 18 colition dictatorship of three classes, in economics, the state would reserve several economic elements. During this period, what Chen Duxiu thought about the future of China’s revolution and the model of the coming state had been one part of the CCP’s politic ideas.Whether or not all these ideas were right, they had serious influence on the party's political ideas in the past and later.