丧亲是一种普遍的经历，研究发现，尽管绝大多数人在不需要专业帮助的情况下适应了丧失，但也有约10%的丧亲人群难以适应哀伤过程，发展出了延长哀伤。研究发现，丧亲女性是易患延长哀伤障碍的高风险群体，同时也是更主动寻求帮助和需要帮助的群体。过去的研究证实了延长哀伤疗法缓解延长哀伤症状方面的作用，但目前专门针对丧亲女性群体的延长哀伤干预研究比较缺乏，国内尤甚，并且较少考虑哀伤反应的性别差异，比如女性更容易高反刍，进而加重哀伤反应。基于此，本研究采用个案研究的方法，以丧亲女性群体为研究对象，结合女性哀伤特点和延长哀伤疗法的治疗框架，对其进行哀伤咨询。

通过网络平台的海报招募了8名来访者，咨询师电话评估时借助延长哀伤问卷（PG-13）和简明国际神经精神障碍访谈检查（M.I.N.I.）进行初步筛选，最终选定丧母女性W参与研究，接受一周1-2次，每次50分钟，共计11次的哀伤咨询。在咨询过程中，分别是咨询开始前、咨询历程的不同阶段节点、咨询结束和随访时，使用复杂哀伤问卷修订版（ICG-R）、贝克抑郁量表第二版（BDI-II）、压力生活经验整合量表（ISLES）、抑郁与焦虑性回避问卷（DAAPGQ）、乌特勒支哀伤反刍量表（UGRS）这些工具，评估与追踪个体的哀伤反应水平、抑郁情绪、对丧亲事件的认知、回避行为水平和哀伤反刍水平变化。在结束咨询后的一个月，咨询师与来访者进行一次以评估咨询效果为目的的质性访谈。

结果发现，随着咨询的进行，来访者延长哀伤症状有所缓解，抑郁情绪、哀伤反刍以相似的曲线波动下降，在最后一次咨询时分数有所回升，回访后又降到低点。来访者在回避维度上，尤其是抑郁性回避分数呈明显下降趋势。压力生活经验整合量表的分数呈逐步上升趋势。这说明来访者失功能哀伤水平、抑郁情绪、哀伤反刍水平和回避水平得到了较大程度的缓解，来访者对丧亲事件的认知更倾向于积极导向。

研究证明，结合女性哀伤特点和延长哀伤疗法的治疗框架，对丧亲女性开展延长哀伤的干预有一定可行性。

Bereavement is a common experience. The research has found that although the vast majority of people adapt to loss without the need for professional assistance. However, about 10% of the bereaved population find it difficult to adapt to the process of mourning and develop prolonged grief. Research has found that bereaved women are a high-risk group prone to prolonged grief disorder, and they are also more proactive in seeking help and in need. Previous studies have confirmed the role of prolonged grief disorder therapy in alleviating and prolonging grief symptoms, but there is currently a lack of research specifically targeting the prolonged grief disorder therapy of bereaved women, especially in China. Also gender differences in grief reactions are rarely considered. For example, women are more likely to have high grief rumination, which in turn exacerbates the grief reactions. Based on this, this study adopts a case study method, taking the group of bereaved women as the research object, combined with the characteristics of female grief and the treatment framework of prolonged grief disorder therapy, to provide grief counseling for them.

Eight participants were recruited through posters on online platforms, and the counselor conducted a preliminary screening using the Prolonged Grief Questionnaire and Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview during the telephone assessment. Finally, the woman with bereavement of mother was selected, receiving grief counseling 1-2 times a week, with each session lasting 50 minutes, totaling 11 times. During the consultation process, tools such as the Inventory of Complicated Grief Revised, Beck Depression Inventory-II, Integration of Stress Life Experience Scale, Depression and Anxiety Avoidance Questionnaire, and Utrecht Grief Rumination Scale were used to evaluate and track individuals’grief symptoms, depressive emotions Changes in cognition, avoidance behavior level, and grief rumination level towards bereavement events. One month after the consultation, the consultant conducts a qualitative interview with the client to evaluate the effectiveness of the consultation.

The results showed that as the consultation progressed, the prolonged grief symptoms of the client were alleviated, depression, and rumination fluctuated in a similar curve. The scores rebounded during the last consultation and then dropped to a low point after follow-up. Scores show a significant downward trend in avoidance dimensions, especially in depressive avoidance scores. The scores of the Integration of Stress Life Experience Scale are gradually increasing. This indicates that the level of grief, depression, rumination, and avoidance has been greatly alleviated, and the client tends to be more positive in their perception of bereavement events.

Research has shown that combining the characteristics of female grief and the treatment framework of prolonged grief disorder therapy, it is feasible to carry out interventions to prolonged grief for bereaved women.