物理观念是物理学科核心素养的基础部分，也是物理概念和物理规律的提炼与升华。本研究通过对物理观念内涵和体系的理解建构，调查高中生物理观念培养现状，明确在高中阶段学习中，物理教学应侧重培养学生的哪些物理观念。首先根据文献调查确定物理核心素养概念及培养要求，基于整合的思想对物理观念的能力表现进行水平的划分及描述，并以“自由落体运动”教学一节作为案例分析，制定双向细目表来编制物理观念调查测试卷，通过问卷调查法探究现在高中学生物理观念的水平维度及现状。此外与一线高中物理教师进行教师实录访谈，根据所得结果进行分析，为如何提高高中学生物理观念作出进一步的探讨。

As the foundation of the core accomplishment of physics, physics concept is the distillation and sublimation of physics concept and laws. Through the understanding and construction of the connotation and system of physics concepts, this study investigates the current situation of the cultivation of high school students' physics concepts, and clarifies which physics concepts should be focused on in high school learning. Firstly, the concept and training requirements of core literacy of physics were determined according to literature survey, and the ability performance of physical concepts was classified and described based on the idea of integration. In addition, the section of "Free fall movement" was taken as a case study to develop a two-way detailed list to compile a physical concept survey test paper, and the formation mode and current situation of high school students' physical concepts were explored through questionnaire survey. In addition, interviews with first-line high school physics teachers were conducted to analyze the results and further discuss how to improve the physics concept of high school students.