自清洁纳米材料可有效去除环境中的污染物，非均相光催化系统是生产该纳米材料的主要方法。二氧化钛（TiO₂）具有无毒、高稳定性、良好的光催化活性、自清洁和抗菌的特性，又因其低成本和商业可用性的优势成为热门的非均相光催化剂之一。因此，本研究制备了一组金属掺杂TiO₂纳米颗粒，通过调控掺杂剂金属类型、掺杂用量、燃烧温度等参数，探究其对甲基橙（MO）的最佳光降解能力。结果表明掺杂铁光催化剂在300℃焙烧温度下MO去除率最高，金属浓度较低的纳米材料对MO的去除效果较好，适当的光催化剂负载对有机化合物的光降解至关重要。为了理解纳米粒子对环境污染物的降解效果，采用多种表征方法对其物理化学特性进行研究。结果表明物理化学性能的增强是光催化性能增强的主要原因。筛选实验结束后，对纳米材料进行优化，考察光催化剂剂量、染料浓度、辐照时间等各反应参数的性能。结果表明在辐照时间为60 min时，掺杂铁光催化剂的MO变色率约为100%。通过扫描电子显微镜（SEM）和能量色散x射线光谱（EDX）表征金属掺杂TiO₂纳米材料的物理结构和元素分散性，结晶度通过x射线衍射（XRD）分析来确定。EDX结果表明掺杂金属在基底表面分散性较好；XRD结果则表明掺杂物样品主要为锐钛矿相。

Self-cleaning nanomaterials can effectively remove pollutants from the environment, and heterogeneous photocatalytic systems are the main method to produce such nanomaterials. Titanium dioxide (TiO ₂) has the properties of nontoxicity, high  stability, good photocatalytic activity, self-cleaning and antibacterial properties, and has become one of the popular heterogeneous photocatalysts due to its low cost and commercial availability. Therefore, in this study, a group of metal- doped TiO2  nanoparticles were prepared, and the optimal photodegradation ability of methyl orange (MO) was explored by adjusting the dopant metal type, doping amount, combustion temperature and other parameters. The results show that the doped iron photocatalyst has the highest MO removal rate at 300℃ calcination temperature, nanomaterials with lower metal concentration have better removal effect of MO, and proper photocatalyst loading is crucial for the photodegradation of organic compounds. In order to understand the degradation effect of nanoparticles on environmental pollutants, various characterization methods were used to study their physicochemical properties. The results show that the enhancement of physicochemical properties is the main reason for the enhanced photocatalytic performance. After the screening experiment, the nanomaterials were optimized, and the performance of various reaction parameters such as photocatalyst dose, dye concentration, irradiation time, etc. was investigated. The results show that when the irradiation time is 60 min, the MO discoloration rate of the doped iron photocatalyst is about 100 %. The physical structure and elemental dispersion of metal doped TiO2 nanomaterials were characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX) , and the crystallinity was determined by X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. The EDX results show that the dopant metal has good dispersion on the substrate surface; XRD results show that the dopant samples are mainly anatase phase.