随着构建社会主义和谐社会和科学发展观的提出，面对高发的刑事案件背后日益复杂的社会矛盾，片面重视打击犯罪的传统思路已不适应社会发展要求，刑事纠纷解决机制的多元化逐渐推出，刑事和解应运而生并蓬勃发展起来。实践表明，近年来全国各地检察机关围绕轻伤害等一些轻微刑事案件开展刑事和解的改革探索。本文选取上海市六个地域特征明显、案件总量相差较大的基层检察院，对公诉部门和未成年人刑事检察部门近三年来办理的刑事和解案件中适用范围、赔偿金额、适用阶段、适用主体、适用结果等进行分析，归纳出取得的五个方面的效果，包括提高了被害人的满意度、增强了加害人的责任承担、更为合理地配置了司法资源、恢复了社会关系的稳定与平衡以及开展了未成年人社会观护机制的探索，以及检察机关定位存在偏差、适用数量偏少、和解协议的公平性难以保障、程序的复杂导致资源的紧张以及配套制度和措施不足等方面存在的问题。为此，本文从刑事和解的理论基础、刑事政策分析、刑事和解与公诉权的关系以及刑事和解的价值功能四个方面入手，进一步对检察机关开展刑事和解的正当性根据进行理性分析，并从完善和规范检察机关刑事和解制度的角度，对刑事和解中检察机关的定位、检察机关刑事和解的适用范围和对象、适用原则和条件、程序步骤设计、效力与后果提出了建议。为了进一步发挥刑事和解制度的作用，本文还借鉴了域外以及本土的理论和实践经验，从诉讼环节内和诉讼环节外两个方面，对刑事和解配套制度予以设计，前者主要是提出了建立附条件不起诉制度、被害人国家补偿制度，以及对检察内部环节间、检察环节和其它诉讼环节间的协调提出建议；后者主要是建议对人民调解制度、社会观护制度以及检察机关内部的考核环境进行改进。

Under the background of creating a socialism harmonious society under scientific concept of development and facing the complex social conflicts, we find that criminal penalty is no longer the best choice to settle the criminal dispute and thus the criminal reconciliation is developing rapidly as well as the diversification of criminal dispute settlement mechanism.Current practice shows that many procuratorates around China are trying criminal reconciliation on some light damage cases. This article selects criminal reconciliation cases of public prosecution service and juvenile criminal prosecution from six Primary Procuratorates at different districts in Shanghai and having different numbers of cases these three years to analyze their range, compensation, application stage, subject and result. And the writer generalizes five advantages of the reconciliation such as increasing the victim’s satisfactory, increasing the criminal’s liability, reasonably allocating the judicial resources, restoring the stability and balance of social relations and exploring the mechanism of social minor probation. The writer also points some problems such as positioning deviation, too few for the number of reconciliation, fairnessless of the settlement, lack of resources and measures. Therefore, this article is focus on the theoretical basis of the criminal settlement, criminal policy analysis, relationship between criminal reconciliation and public prosecution and the value function of the criminal settlement to further analyze legitimacy of criminal reconciliation. And in order to improve and standardize this settlement system, the writer also makes suggestion for the position, range, object, principle, procedure and result of criminal reconciliation. Furthermore, the writer refers to theory and practical experience at home and abroad to design a settlement system both before and after the lawsuit. Before the lawsuit, there are non-lawsuit with conditions attached, victims national compensation and suggestion for procuratorate internal links and other lawsuit links. After the lawsuit, there are mediation, social care system and improvement of examination in procuratorates.