对外援助是国际关系的产物，是一个国家外交政策的组成部分。从概念上看，对外援助主要是指一国为实现一定的外交目的，以无偿或有偿的形式向它国或组织提供经济或军事方面的援助，从而在政治或经济上对该国或该组织产生一定的影响，以达到实现本国政治或经济上的利益追求。随着世界经济一体化和国际政治多极化的不断发展，各国之间的政治、经济联系日益密切，对外援助在国际政治经济实践中的重要作用越来越引起国际社会的重视。当前我国的对外援助在取得一定成绩的同时，也存在着一些问题。特别是西方的一些学者由于意识形态的差异、地缘政治带来的隔膜以及个别妖魔化中国的恶意炒作，导致一些国家或组织对中国的对外援助表示怀疑或曲解，这对我国的国际形象产生了严重的负面影响，也对我国的外交和国际关系带来了重大的阻碍因素。本文从国际关系理论视角切入，试图对我国建国以来的对外援助政策进行科学的研究分析，在有效理解和把握的前提下，给出一个客观的评价和定位，消除上述的曲解和怀疑，并对外援助政策如何更好的与国际责任进行互动以及这种互动关系怎样才能更加科学合理的推动外交战略提出一些浅薄的建议，使我国在面临全球化大背景下的国际政治经济环境中诸多新问题和挑战，能够有效利用对外援助，并促进国际责任和对外援助的良性互动，加强我国在世界上的影响力，改善中国的国际环境，树立负责任的大国形象。

Foreign aid is a product of international relations，and it is the component of a country's foreign policy. From the concept of point of view， foreign aid mainly refers to a country in order to achieve some diplomatic objective， by the form of free or paid to other countries or organizations providing financial or military assistance， in order to have a certain political or economic influence on the country or that organization， thereby achieving their political or economic interests to pursue. With the continuous development of World economic integration and International political multi-polarization， the political and economic ties between countries， the international community takes attention on foreign aid by the international political and economic practice of the important role. At present， China's foreign aid has achieved considerable success， in the same time， there are some problems. In particular，as a result of ideological differences and geopolitical matters， a number of Western scholars give malicious speculation on China, which lead to the suspicion or misinterpretationa of many countries or organizations on China's foreign aid police，also make a serious negative impact on China's international image and bring great obstacles to our countriy's foreign affairs and international relations . This article attempt to give a science research on China's foreign aid police since 1949 from the perspective of international relations theory ， in the premise of effective understanding ， it wants to give an objective evaluation and positioning， also to eliminate the misinterpretation and suspicion. On how to better interact with the international responsibility and promote diplomatic strategy with such interactions ，it gives some recommendations .In the context of globalization of international political and economic environment，there are many new problems and challenges .It is reasonable to use foreign aid effectively and the promote positive interaction of international responsibility and external assistance to strengthen China's influence in the world ,improve China's international environment， and establish the image of a responsible great power.