本文主要是以美德伦理、义务伦理、公民伦理为基础，把制度伦理、责任伦理、权利伦理作为手段和规范，以社会正义论为落脚点，依据自由与责任、公平与正义、权利与义务、自律与他律等概念，并且从社会历史发展的角度对造成道德冷漠现象的原因展开分析，确立了两个基本原则，并提出了具体的关于道德建设和制度建设的措施。从道德心理学的角度来看，道德冷漠是一种人际道德关系上的隔膜和孤独化。它对道德个体间的影响表现为相互冷淡、互不关心、乃至相互排斥和否定。道德冷漠的外在表现是道德上的不作为。内在特征是道德意识沟通的阻塞、道德心理互感的缺乏、道德情感的无助、道德信任的缺失。道德冷漠造成的后果是个体怀疑、漠视道德行为，以及拒斥、推卸道德责任。通过以上的初步探讨，笔者得出社会保障的缺乏、行为动机的功利性增强、消极的道德情绪体验，以及大众的从众心理和临时群体的责任分散原理等都是造成道德冷漠现象的原因。但是这些原因并不能揭示造成道德冷漠现象的根源，所以本文通过运用历史与现代的比较分析法，从社会历史发展的线索，透过表象深入本质，寻找造成道德冷漠现象的根源。通过探讨经济对道德产生的影响，笔者得出现阶段道德领域的主要矛盾是市场经济的建立和发展不能满足公众对于与市场化相伴随的公共道德的需求。这一矛盾主要体现在两个方面：一方面，在市场化过程中，市场经济的自身特点（利益最大化）向各个领域渗透，造成传统的道德准则和道德规范失效；另一方面，与市场经济相适应的道德原则、道德规范尚未确立，道德制度的有效供给不足。根据市场经济的特点和造成道德冷漠的原因，笔者提出两个可行的道德原则，为行为主体在不同情境下的道德行为提供依据。这两个原则是：我为人人、人人为我与最大、最小化原则。这两个原则的依据是道德的义务性和权利性相统一和有利原则，前提是自主原则和社会正义原则。虽然实施道德行为需要诉诸行为主体的理性，但理性是不可靠的，道德仍然需要制度的保证。所以，改变道德冷漠的措施应该从道德建设和制度建设两方面着手。在道德建设方面，本文重点讨论网络道德建设、道德教育建设和职业道德建设这三个典型而又重要的方面。在制度建设方面，主要是依靠政府，建立健全社会保障体系，以及依靠社会建立健全公共道德制度。道德建设和制度建设必须遵循两个原则：权责统一和奖惩统一。

This article is based on virtue ethics, obligations ethics, civic ethics , regard institutional ethics, responsibility ethics, rights ethics as a means and norms ,and the foothold is social justice theory, accord to the freedom and responsibility, fairness and justice, rights and obligations, self-discipline and discipline and other concepts, and expand the analysis from the perspective of social and historical development of moral apathy, established two basic principles and specific measures on moral building and institution building.From the point of view of moral psychology, moral indifference is an diaphragm and loneliness on the interpersonal moral relationships. Its performance is mutual indifference careless, even mutually exclusive and negative in the moral individual. The external manifestations of moral indifference are not action. The inherent aspect is that the blocking of the moral sense of communication, lack of mutual inductance of moral psychology, moral feelings of helplessness, lack of moral trust. The consequences of moral indifference perform that the individuals suspect, disregard ethical behavior, and reject, shirk moral responsibility.Through the above preliminary study, I draw that the lack of social security, enhance the utilitarian motives, the experience of negative moral emotions, as well as the mass of the herd mentality and temporary groups, diffusion of responsibility theory are caused by moral apathy. But these reasons can’t reveal the root cause of the phenomenon of moral indifference, so this article use the method of comparing and analyzing history and comparative, from the clues of the historical development of society and through the appearance to in-depth nature, look for the root of the phenomenon of moral indifference.By exploring the impact of the economy to moral, I come to that the main contradiction in this stage of moral field is the establishment and development of the market economy can’t meet the public demand with the public morality which accompanied with the market-oriented. This contradiction is mainly reflected in two aspects. on the one hand, in the process of market-oriented, the characteristics of market economy (benefit maximization) penetrate to the various fields, traditional moral and ethical failure; the other hand, the moral principles, ethics adapt to the market economy has not been established, lack of effective supply of the moral system.According to the characteristics of the market economy and the status of moral development, I propose two possible ethical principles, provide the basis for the ethical behavior of actors in different situations. These two principles: one for all, all for one and the maximum, minimum principle. The basis of these two principles is the unity of moral obligation and rights and favorable principles, provided that the principle of autonomy and social justice.Although the implementation of ethical behavior need to resort to the rationality of the actors, but rationality is not reliable, morality still need the system to ensure that. Therefore, measures to change the moral indifference should proceed from the moral-building and institutional building. In the moral construction, this paper focuses on three typical and important aspect: the moral construction of network, the construction of moral education and the construction of occupation ethics. In the system construction, mainly rely on government to establish a sound social security system, and rely on the community to establish and improve public moral system. The moral construction and system construction must adhere to two principles, the unity of the rights and responsibilities, and the unity of rewards and punishments.