鸣唱是繁殖季雀形目鸟类交流的重要形式。鸣唱特征在大尺度上主要受到遗传和生境的影响，在小尺度上主要受到鸣声学习和扩散的影响。研究鸟类鸣唱的变化，有助于了解生境、遗传及扩散等生活史特征对鸣声的塑造作用，因此得到广泛的关注。本研究以强脚树莺（Cettia fortipes）为研究对象，对宽阔水国家级自然保护区（28°13′N，107°09′E）和董寨国家自然保护区（28°13′N、107°10′E）共3年的近500只强脚树莺的鸣唱进行分析。强脚树莺鸣唱主要由α和β两种句型构成。两种句型均有频率不变的哨音部分和频率变化的音节部分。宽阔水地区强脚树莺α和β两种句型哨音频率分别为2.63 kHz和2.00 kHz，音节时长分别为0.61 s和1.00 s、最低频率分别为1.87 kHz和2.10 kHz、最高频率分别为5.14 kHz和5.55 kHz；董寨地区强脚树莺α和β两种句型哨音频率分别为2.68 kHz和2.03 kHz，音节时长分别为0.59 s和0.96 s、最低频率分别为1.95 kHz和2.20 kHz、最高频率分别为5.11 kHz和5.59 kHz。强脚树莺鸣唱的音节时长和音节最低频率在宽阔水和董寨地区差异显著（T检验，P < 0.05）。强脚树莺个体间鸣唱的相似性随着个体间的空间距离而变化，但在宽阔水和董寨均没有表现出显著的线性关系（Mantel检验，P > 0.05）。本研究结合强脚树莺的生活史对上述种群间/内的鸣声变化加以讨论，指出繁殖地海拔及占有领域的方式可能在种群间/内鸣唱特征变化上起重要作用。

Bird song is important for communication during breeding season. Differences in vocal characteristics between populations are usually explained genetic difference, habitat-dependent selection on signal transmission, while within population are mostly affected by dispersal and song learning. Bird song variation between and within population(s) is related to lifehistory of species. In this study, we research song variation between and within Cettia fortipes’s populations. The study was conducted on two Cettia fortipes’s populations: one in Kuankuoshui National Nature Reserve (28°13′N，107°09′E), another in Dongzhai National Nature Reserve (28°13′N、107°10′E), Henan Province. The α and β song types were the most common forms of Cettia fortipes songs. In Kuankuoshui population, the frequency of whistle portion is 2.63 kHz and 2.00 kHz, the duration of syllable part is 0.61 s and 1.00 s, minimum frequency of syllable part is 1.87 kHz and 2.10 kHz, maximal frequency of syllable part is 5.14 kHz and 5.55 kHz, for α and β song, respectively. In Dongzhai population, the frequency of whistle portion is 2.68 kHz and 2.03 kHz, the duration of syllable part is 0.59 s and 0.96 s, minimum frequency of syllable part is 1.95 kHz and 2.20 kHz, maximal frequency of syllable part is 5.11 kHz and 5.59 kHz, for α and β song, respectively. The duration and minimum frequency of syllable part are significantly different between these two populations (T test, P < 0.05). There was no significant correlation between the song similarity and spatial distance within both populations (Mantel test, P > 0.05). We infer both height of breeding area and available territory in breeding season may affect the song variation between and within Cettia fortipes’s populations.