重离子碰撞的实验和理论研究是核物理研究的重要领域之一。本文基于重离子碰撞的微观输运理论，研究了重离子碰撞反应总截面的同位旋效应。本论文简述了重离子碰撞的研究概况，讨论了不同能区下碰撞反应的特点，调研了这一领域主要研究方向。介绍了放射性核束物理以及其中奇异核结构研究的发展历史和研究现状。关于重离子碰撞相关的微观输运理论，主要介绍了传统Boltzmann-Langevin方程（BLE）以及在此基础上发展改进得到的同位旋相关的Boltzmann-Langevin方程（IBLE）。关于BLE向IBLE的发展，在同位旋相关的平均场、核子-核子碰撞截面和Pauli阻塞，以及在相空间的初始化抽样中区分中子和质子，併合模型考虑同位旋效应等几方面做了详细阐述。对几种核子-核子碰撞截面做了调研，进而在核子-核子碰撞截面的选取方面，对IBLE模型做了改进。将IBLE模型做适当调整并应用于丰中子核引起反应的总截面的计算，研究了反应总截面的同位旋效应。利用IBLE计算了12C + 12C碰撞体系分别在入射能E = 30; 83; 300; 870 MeV/u下的反应总截面Sigma_R，得到了反应总截面Sigma_R对入射能的依赖关系（激发函数）。理论计算与实验结果符合较好，验证了IBLE模型在对反应总截面计算上的适用性。并讨论了计算中提取总的核子-核子相互作用概率1-T0的可靠性，以及1-T0对碰撞参数b的依赖关系。利用IBLE分别在入射能E =40, 100, 400, 700 MeV/u下计算了15C + 12C碰撞体系的反应总截面。得到的激发函数良好地符合了实验数据。对15C引起反应的激发函数和12C引起反应的激发函数做了比较，发现15C引起的反应较大的总截面主要表现在中能区（几十到一百MeV）。利用IBLE模型在入射能E =30 MeV下计算了12-20C + 12C各反应的总截面，从而得到了C的同位素引起反应的总截面¾R随质量数A的变化关系。发现19C和20C的总截面有反常的增大，可能存在中子分布的奇异结构。

Study of heavy ion collision in both experiment and theory is an important area on nuclear physics. In this article, the isospin effects of total reaction cross section of heavy ion collision are investigated based on a heavy-ion transport theory.In this article, the status of study of heavy ion collision is introduced. The properties of reactions on different energies, and the main branches in this area are introduced. Radioactive nuclear beam (RNB) physics and, furthermore, exotic nuclear structure are introduced. As a microscopic transport model on heavy ion collision, the traditional Boltzmann-Langevin equation (BLE) and isospin-dependent Boltzmann-Langevin equation (IBLE) developed from BLE are explained. About the development from BLE to IBLE, the isospin-dependent mean field, N-N ollision cross section and Pauli blocking is reviewed. Moreover, the separate consideration on proton and neutron in the initialization of nuclear phase space and isospin effects on coalescence model are discussed in detail.Several N-N collision cross sections are investigated, and then IBLE model is improved through a more reasonable selection of N-N cross section. The IBLE model is adjusted to be used in calculation of total cross section of reactions caused by neutronrich nuclei, and the isospin effects on total reaction cross section is studied. The total cross sections of reaction system of 12C + 12C are calculated at energies of E =30, 83, 300, 870 MeV/u via IBLE, and excitation function of Sigma_R, the dependence of Sigma_R to incident energy E, is obtained. IBLE is proved suitable for calculating of total reaction cross section, as nice agreement between calculated results and experimental data is achieved. Meanwhile the extraction of total probability of N-N interaction is proved reliable and the dependence of 1-T0 on collision parameter b is discussed. The total crosssections of reaction system of 15C + 12C are calculated on incident energies of E =40, 100, 400, 700 MeV/u via IBLE, and the obtained excitation function agrees with experimental data fairly well. Excitation functions of reactions caused by 15C and 12C are compared. It is found that the dominance of total cross section of reaction caused by 15C is mainly appeared at intermediate energies (a few dozens of to one hundred MeV). The total cross sections of reaction systems of 12-20C + 12C are calculated at E =30 MeV, and then the dependence of Sigma_R on mass number A is obtained. It is found that the total reaction cross sections corresponding to 19C and 20C perform anomalous and rapid increases.