本文以建立、发展我国未成年人犯罪前科消灭制度为目的，以比较研究为视角，着重介绍德国已发展得较为完善的未成年人犯罪前科消灭制度，详细展示其适用范围、程序、裁判、撤销及其部分现存问题。本文还将根据我国立法现状对我国现有制度进行全面系统审视，具体介绍《刑法修正案（八）》与新《刑事诉讼法》中的相关规定，并分别分析其意义与不足之处，继而比较其与德国有关制度之间存在的差异。在比较的基础上，本文还将结合我国实际情况，有选择地借鉴德国有益经验，提出完善相关制度的建议与构想。首先，结合我国社会对相关制度的接受程度，我国当前应当进一步完善未成年人犯罪记录封存制度和未成年人前科不报制度，修改与完善相关法律规定，大力宣传对未成年犯罪进行教育的理念，增强社会对其的宽容度，并逐步在大城市对未成年人轻罪的前科消灭进行试点。其次，我国还应当借鉴德国制度中的法律规定与成熟经验，详细、具体地规定我国制度的适用条件与适用程序。此外，我国还应加强相关档案的保密管理工作，从而期待未成年人犯罪前科消灭制度能真正发挥其帮助未成年人重归社会、恢复自尊自信与法律地位的功能。

With the aim of establishing and developing the system of eliminating minors’ criminal record in China, this article focuses on introducing the system of eliminating the criminal record of minors in Germany and showing in detail its scope of application, procedure, judgment, revocation and some of its existing problems. From the perspective of comparative study, this article also overviews the present system in China according to its present legislation, introduces the relevant provisions in the Criminal Law Amendment (eighth) and the new Criminal Procedure Law, respectively analyzes their significance and deficiencies, and then compares the differences between the systems of two countries. On the basis of comparison, this article will put forward some suggestions about improving the relevant system in China in combination with the practical experience of Germany and the actual situation of China. First of all, in conjunction with the acceptance of the relevant system in society, China should now further improve the system of sealing up minors’ criminal records and the system of minors’ exemption from criminal record reporting, amend and improve relevant legal provisions and regulations, enhance social tolerance by vigorously promoting the concept of education on juvenile delinquency, and gradually pilot system of elimination of minors' criminal record of misdemeanours in big cities. Secondly, China should also draw lessons from the legal provisions and mature experiences in the German system, and specify in detail the applicable conditions and applicable procedures of the system in China. In addition, China should also strengthen the confidentiality management of relevant files, looking forward that the system of eliminating minors’ criminal record in China can make a real difference to Chinese minors by helping them better return to society and regain self-esteem, self-confidence and legal status.