《三字经》是中国历史上唯一被称之为“经”的一部蒙学典籍，其文体特点鲜明、语言简洁平实、内容丰富凝练、传播影响极其深远，但相较于儒家经典与其他中国文化典籍，其研究却一直不受学界重视。这是因为学界严重低估了《三字经》的文学与文化价值及其域外影响。事实上，《三字经》的内容是对中国传统文化与儒家核心思想的高度提炼和概括，其在中国的汉语言文字教育、儿童道德培养、文学审美教育和礼乐文化养成等方面发挥了重要作用。同时，《三字经》的英语译介起源早、版本丰富、影响力大，其英语译介史自1812年至今已有211年，英文译本多达33种，20世纪前的英译本就有7种。它的早期英语译介活动是中英早期语言接触和文化交涉的重要历史见证和文化成果。《三字经》独特的三字韵文体不仅在中国本土的流传史上展现出旺盛的生命力并启发各个领域的学者撰写了多种仿制本，更是对来华新教传教士产生了深远影响，成为他们学习汉语语言文化、编纂汉英词典甚至改良在华传教方式的重要依据。《三字经》在英语译介过程中，由于历史和文化语境的变迁及其译者与读者群体身份的转变，译本中出现了丰富的文化过滤、文化误读与其它变异现象，折射出中西文明交流的历时性演变。《三字经》的多个原文本与其对应的众多英译本也经由译介和变异为文明互鉴提供了具象化的参照。 但汉语学界对于《三字经》的英语译介和域外影响的整体梳理与研究仍然是空白，特别是对《三字经》英译本中的变异现象缺乏总体观照。因此，作为第一部聚焦《三字经》英语译介与变异研究的博士论文，本论文试图从变异学理论入手呈现《三字经》英语译介史的全貌，并深入分析其在英语译介过程中产生的变异现象及其典型意义，揭橥《三字经》英译本变异现象的根源。 本论文除绪论和结论外，主体部分由六章构成。第一章对《三字经》的原文本情况和英译历史进行了深入的考证与梳理，呈现了《三字经》英译的历史发展脉络，重点对《三字经》的英语译介史进行了阶段性划分，并指出其历时性的演变特征。第二章对域外译者的《三字经》英译本进行了辨析，根据译本功能整理出以文化译介、汉语教育、汉学研究、文化普及四类功能为主的译本类型，尝试分析了不同译本之间可能具有的版本和谱系关系；对《三字经》的多个英译本进行了翻译学视角的研究，对其重要译本做出较为客观公正的评价。第三章对本土译者的《三字经》英译本进行了辨析，按照韵文译本、散文译本、编译本和整理本等不同文本形式对其文本内容、功能与风格特点进行了分析；对其中重要译本的译文质量和历史价值做出总结。第四章对《三字经》的英译传播特征及其在英语世界的影响进行了分析与总结。此章节主要从《三字经》的英译特点与中西文化交流的关系、译者身份的历时性转变、译文形式与译本功能的转变等方面对其英译传播特征进行了深入分析；对《三字经》的域外影响，包括其与英语世界汉语教育的关系，及其与古代中国启蒙教育在英语世界的形象建构的关系进行了分析和梳理，尤其是对《三字经》仿制本的情况进行了考证和全面呈现。第五章在对《三字经》英译本的全面细读和对勘的基础上，以文化负载词的英译为切入点，对《三字经》中典型的英译变异现象进行了深入挖掘与分析，通过对“仁”“义”“孝”等抽象概念以及“琴”“棋”“玉”等物质名词的英译变异问题的分析，尝试总结呈现出中国文化典籍英译中的经典变异案例。第六章从比较文学变异学的角度探讨了变异现象的原因，从语言异质性的角度深入分析了《三字经》英译中的形式变异、语义变异和音译变异问题；从文化异质性出发分析了文化的时间差异和空间差异对译文变异的影响；从译者的主观能动性角度探讨和分析了《三字经》英译本中的翻译变异问题。并从以上三个方面总结了《三字经》英译变异的根源。除此之外，本论文还通过集中搜集、整理二百年来《三字经》的多种英译本并对其进行文本细读与对勘，形成了附录中专门的资料汇编。 本论文希冀通过对《三字经》英语译介及其变异的整体性研究，能够弥补国内蒙学典籍英译之综合性研究的缺失，揭示《三字经》在中国典籍英译史上被遮蔽的历史地位及其域外影响，总结《三字经》英译本中的各类变异现象并揭橥其根源，为学界未来的中国蒙学典籍英译研究以及比较文学变异学视角下的翻译研究提供参考路径，为东西方文明互鉴提供可资之镜鉴。

The Three Character Classic《三字经》is the only text for primary education in Chinese history to be called a “Classic”, and it plays an irreplaceable role in the education of literature and aesthetics, as well as in the cultivation of ritual and culture. At the same time, the English translation of The Three Character Classic has an early origin, a wealth of editions and a great influence, with a history of 211 years of English translation since 1812 and as many as 33 English translations, including 7 before the 20th century. The translation of The Three Character Classic into English is rich in cultural filters, misinterpretations and other variations, reflecting the evolution of the exchange between Chinese and Western civilization over time, due to changes in the historical and cultural context and the changing identities of the translators and readers. However, so far, there is still a gap in the study of the English translation of The Three Character Classic and its extraterritorial influence in Chinese studies, especially the lack of an overall view of its variation. Therefore, as the first doctoral dissertation focusing on the English translation and variation of The Three Character Classic, this dissertation attempts to present a comprehensive picture of the history of the English translation of The Three Character Classic from the perspective of variation theory, and to analyze in depth the variation phenomenon and its typical significance, and to uncover the root causes of its variation phenomenon. The main part of this thesis consists of six chapters, in addition to the introduction and conclusion. The first chapter provides an in-depth examination of the original texts and the history of the English translation of The Three Character Classic. The second chapter compares the English translations of The Three Character Classic by foreign translators, attempting to analyze the possible version and genealogical relationships between different translations. Chapter three compares the English translations of The Three Character Classic by domestic translators, summarizing their textual content, function and stylistic characteristics in terms of different textual forms. Chapter four analyzes and summarizes the characteristics of the English translation of The Three Character Classic and its influence in the English-speaking world. The fifth chapter, based on a thorough reading and comparison of the English translation of The Three Character Classic, takes the English translation of culturally loaded words as the starting point, and digs deeper into and analyzes the variation in The Three Character Classic. The sixth chapter classifies and compares the variation phenomena from the perspective of comparative literary variation, and analyzes in depth the problems of formal variation, semantic variation and phonetic variation in the English translation of The Three Character Classic from the perspective of linguistic heterogeneity; analyzes the influence of cultural differences in time and space on the variation of the translation from the perspective of cultural heterogeneity; discusses and analyzes the variation in English translation of The Three Character Classic from the perspective of the translator’s subjective motivation. It also summarizes the root causes of the variation in the English translation of The Three Character Classic from the above three aspects. In addition, this thesis also collects and collates a variety of English translations of The Three Character Classic over the past two hundred years, and then performs a close reading and collation of the texts, resulting in a special compilation of materials. This thesis hopes that through a holistic study of the English translation of The Three Character Classic and its variations, it will be able to remedy the lack of comprehensive research on the English translation of the canon for the enlightenment of children in China, reveal the obscured historical status of The Three Character Classic in the history of the English translation of Chinese canon and its extraterritorial influence, summarize the various variations in the English translation of The Three Character Classic and reveal their roots, and provide a reference path for future research on the English translation of the canon for the enlightenment of children in China, and for future translation research in the perspective of comparative literary variation.