水资源作为经济社会发展和人类生活的重要自然资源，很大程度上影响了人类社会的进程。特别是对于干旱、半干旱地区，工农业粗犷式地发展导致人类对水资源的过量汲取和不合理的开发利用，加之有效水资源管理机制的缺乏，使得水资源的供需矛盾日益突出。敦煌，近年来由于缺水，月牙泉、莫高窟等世界文化遗产已面临严重的危机。为解决包括敦煌在内的，党河下游的缺水问题，拟实施“引哈济党”调水工程。由于研究区位于人少地广的高寒地区，水文地质资料和观测资料较少，研究程度较低。所以为保证调水工程对该地区的生态环境不产生大的破坏，需要进一步论证苏干湖盆地的地下水与地表水关系、地下水系统特征和在调水情况下，地下水系统的变化及对湖、泉流量的影响情况。 本次研究收集了与该地区相关的数篇研究报告，整理了该地区水文、气象、地形地貌、水文地质资料、地下水位动态等一系列的基础资料和研究成果，特别是收集到了该地区15口观测孔的最新数据和该地区9个地表水采样点的氢氧稳定同位素的测定结果。在合理概化研究区地质、水文地质条件基础上，利用FEFLOW有限单元数值模拟软件建立了苏干湖盆地的地下水流数值模型，FEPEST程序包被用于调参以拟合观测孔数据，同位素数据用于辅助模型的建立及模拟结果的识别。 本次研究建立了基本符合实际的地下水数值模型，通过研究发现，大苏干湖与小苏干湖的补给来源不同，大苏干湖是盆地的排泄中心，大、小哈尔腾河中的河水经过地表和地下的多次转换，最终排泄到大苏干湖，而小苏干湖的补给来源主要是当金山和党河南山。在调水情况下，地下水位会发生不同程度的降低，从补给区到排泄区影响程度逐渐减弱，当调水为6000万m3/a、8000万m3/a、10000万m3/a、12000万m3/a、14000万m3/a时，下降速度分别约为-0.4~0m/a，-0.5~0m/a，-0.65~0m/a，-0.85~0m/a，-0.95~0m/a；调水会对当中泉和努呼图的泉流量产生重要影响，对周边湿地可能带来较大影响，调水规模超过10000万m3/a时，泉水面临枯竭的危机；当调水10000万m3/a时，大苏干湖、当中泉和努呼图的地下水排泄量将分别减少现状条件下的-0.96%，-55.4%，-69.3%。

Water resources, as an important natural resource for economic, social development and human life, have greatly affected the progress of human society. Especially for arid and semi-arid areas, the rough development of industry and agriculture has led to the excessive exploitation and unreasonable utilization of water resources. Coupled with the lack of effective water resources management mechanism, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has become increasingly prominent. In recent years, due to lack of water, Crescent Spring, Mogao Grottoes and other world cultural heritages in Dunhuang have faced serious crises. In order to solve the problem of water shortage in the lower reaches of the Dang River, including Dunhuang, the water diversion project of "Yin Ha Ji Dang" is to be implemented. Because the study area is located in the alpine region where people are few, the hydrogeological data and observation data are few, and the research degree is relatively low. Therefore, in order to ensure that the water diversion project does not destroy the ecological environment of the region, it is necessary to further demonstrate the hydraulic relationship among the groundwater, the river and the lake, the characteristics of the groundwater system and the change of the groundwater system in the condition of water diversion. A series of basic data, such as hydrology, meteorology, topography and geomorphology, hydrogeological data and groundwater level dynamics, are collected and collected in this area. In particular, the latest data of 15 observation holes in the area and the isotopic results of 9 surface water sampling points in this area were collected. On the basis of the geological and hydrogeological conditions in the rational generalizability study area, the groundwater numerical model in the Sugan lake basin is established by using FEFLOW. The FEPEST program package is used to adjust the data to fit the observation hole, and the isotope data is used for the establishment of auxiliary model and the analysis of the simulation results. In this study, a groundwater numerical model which is basically consistent with reality is established. It is found that the recharge sources of the big Sugan lake and the small Sugan lake are different. The big Sugan lake is the drainage center of the basin. The water in the large and small Haerteng River passes through the surface and underground many times and eventually draining to the big Sugan lake. The main recharge source of small Sugan lake is Dangjin Mountain and Danghenan Mountain. Under the condition of water diversion, the ground water level will decrease to varying degrees. From the recharge area to the discharge area, the influence degree gradually weakened. When water transfer is 60 million m3/a, 80 million m3/a, 100 million m3/a, 120 million m3/a and 140 million m3/a, the decrease rate is -0.4~0m/a, -0.5~0 m/a, -0.65~0m/a, -0.85~0m/a, -0.95~0m/a; Water transfer will have an important impact on the spring flow of Dangzhong Spring and Nuhu Spring. When the water transfer scale is over 100 million m3/a, the spring water faces the crisis of exhaustion. When the scale of water transfer is 100 million m3/a, the groundwater excretion of big Sugan lake, Dangzhong Spring and Nuhu Spring will be reduced respectively. -0.96%, -55.4%, -69.3% under the condition.