人类对石油等化石燃料的利用使得经济飞速发展，人口总量增多，然而化石能源有限且会污染环境，因此研究者自立于开发新能源。氢气以其高效、清洁的特点，成为了能源结构转变的一个突破口。现阶段电解水析氢反应(HER)所使用的催化电极是铂、钌等贵金属，虽然催化活性高，但是其价格昂贵，储量有限，因此工业上无法量产。而常见的非贵金属催化剂(如二硫化钼，MoS₂)，虽然原料易得，价格低廉，但其催化性能与贵金属相比仍有较大差距。探求高催化活性的非贵金属催化剂迫在眉睫。

       针对该问题，本实验用泡沫镍作为基底，创新地以生物基质蛋清为原料，以钼酸钠为钼源，采用水热法制备高HER活性的自支撑电极，并通过调节反应温度与蛋清的加入量，探究具有最佳HER性能的催化剂的制备条件。实验发现，添加10 g蛋清且反应温度为170℃时，制备的MoS_x/NF-170的电催化性能最优，在酸性介质(0.5 M H₂SO₄)中，当电流密度为10 mA/cm²时的过电位(h₁₀) 较低，为119 mV，说明具有较好的催化析氢活性。

The use of fossil fuels such as oil has led to rapid economic development and an increase in the total population, but fossil energy is limited and its combustion products pollute the environment, so researchers are on their own to develop new energy sources that can replace traditional fossil fuels. Hydrogen has become a breakthrough in the transformation of energy structure because of its high efficiency, cleanness and renewable characteristics. At this stage, electrolytic hydrolytic hydrogen reaction (HER) is used in catalytic electrodes such as platinum, palladium and other precious metals, although high catalytic activity, but its expensive, limited reserves, so industrial production cannot be. Common non-precious metal catalysts (e.g. mosuldium dioxide, MoS₂), although easy to obtain raw materials, low price, but its catalytic properties compared with precious metals there is still a large gap. It is urgent to explore non-precious metal catalysts with high catalytic activity.

           In view of this problem, the experiment uses foam nickel as the substrate, innovatively takes bio-matrix egg white as raw material, takes sodium niobium as the source, uses hydrothermal legal system to prepare high HER activity self-supporting electrode, and explores the preparation conditions of catalyst with the best HER performance by adjusting the reaction temperature and egg white addition. Experiments show that when adding 10 g egg whites and the reaction temperature is 170 degrees C, the electrocatalytic properties of MoSx/NF-170 prepared are optimal, and in acidic medium (0.5 M H₂SO₄), the over potential (h₁₀) is lower when the current density is 10 mA/cm², which is 119 mV, indicating better catalytic hydrogen activity.