马涅托（Manetho）是生活在埃及托勒密王朝初期的一位土著高级祭司，他用当时的官方语言希腊语书写了一部埃及历史，被誉为“埃及历史之父”。　　　本文绪论主要梳理了国内外学术界关于马涅托埃及史编撰的研究情况，简单说明选题意义，并列举了相关的主要史料。　　　第一章主要介绍马涅托的生平及其作品。他是埃及最著名的神庙赫利奥坡里斯的太阳神庙的僧侣长。文中简单介绍了其名字的来源和含义、他所处的时代背景，并简要介绍他的名作《埃及史》。　　　第二章是本文重点，详细阐述了马涅托《埃及史》的编撰特点，主要通过马涅托撰写的《埃及史》的摘要和抄本，以及国内外学者的相关研究，尝试探索马涅托作品中的希腊元素和本土元素，进而分析马涅托独特的撰史方法：马涅托在继承古埃及传统王名表的基础上，借鉴了希腊历史学家的编撰方法，插入叙述和评论，在内容和结构上均有创新，成为第一部埃及叙述史。　　　结语评析马涅托历史编撰的影响。马涅托作为埃及本土人，却用希腊文写作的他的历史，在当时希腊化的大背景下，这表现了当时埃及和希腊这两大文化的交流与融合。作为埃及的高级祭司，在马其顿—希腊王朝的统治下，以马涅托为代表的土著祭司群体极力扩大自己的影响，在《埃及史》的撰写中，他改变传统的以国王为中心的模式，转而以祭司为中心。在某种意义上，这为日益衰落的古埃及注入了新鲜血液，延缓了古埃及辉煌文明的湮灭。

The ancient Egyptian priest Manetho wrote a history of his native land in Greek, the official language of the Hellenistic world, during the early Ptolemies. Aegyptiaca (The History of Egypt) as the first Egyptian narrative history, possesses the highest importance and value for us today.　　　The introduction mainly summarizes the researches made by domestic and overseas scholars, and lists important related sources. 　　　Chapter One concentrates on the life of Manetho and his eight works together with the meaning of his name, his position as a high priest, and his social background are concerned.　　　Chapter Two elaborates the characteristics of the writing of the history of Egypt. Manetho wrote a continuous and complete narrative history of Egypt on the basis of the king list. Manetho devised the dynastic chronology of ancient Egypt, which is so reasonable that continues to be used by scholars up to now. Aegyptiaca is usually considered the unprecedented native Egyptian achievement on account of Manetho’s novelty.　　　While Manetho’s history was built out of materials whose genres had existed for many centuries before the advent of Greco-Macedonian rule, it was only with the coming of Greek speakers in considerable numbers that a lengthy narrative history of Egypt was composed by an Egyptian. It is perhaps a clear lens of cultural and intellectual exchanges between the great civilizations of Greece and Egypt. The author tried to enhance the influence of native priests in the foreign court, which made Egypt in some sense powerful again.