随着新中国成立以后特别是最近十年来中国农村社会在各个方面都发生着巨大变化，本文将主要以河南省S村为例来描述中国农村社会性实践的变迁；特别是对近十年来农村社会适婚男女青年的婚前性行为进行研究。以往的研究多将婚前性行为作为个体的选择或是当成一种越轨行为进行研究，本文主要从社会结构与个人生活的历史性契合来理解最近10年在农村社会逐渐出现且比例不断上升的婚前性行为。 本文主要陈述了河南省S村自新中国成立以来到现在青年男女在恋爱与婚姻上经历了三个阶段的变化，即从新中国成立以后出生成长起来的第一代适婚男女青年在70到80年代的“过日子”到第二个阶段1990到2002年左右的“看对眼”再到从2003年至今的“要幸福”。这些变化除了农村社会青年男女在恋爱与婚姻上自主权的增强，更多的是社会结构变化与个人生活选择相契合的结果。 随着农村社会从封闭走向开放，青年男女外出打工尤其是女性外出打工的增多，逐渐改变了农村社会传统的秩序。从传统到现代农村社会在互助合作、村庄社会舆论、公共权威、私密空间等方面都在发生着很大的变化。以及由于农村社会急剧发生的以农村家庭为单位的经济分层的日益拉锯所造成的婚姻市场竞争的激烈，这些变化都在客观上影响着农村社会性实践的变迁。 河南省S村男女青年从父母包办到自由恋爱最后到自由性爱共经历了三个阶段，但这三个阶段从新中国成立到现在经历了60多年的社会变迁，在社会变迁过程中农村社会结构内部不断在发生着变化，这些变化不断影响和改变着他们的生活。他们在适应和应对社会结构变迁的同时又参与重塑了社会规则与社会联接关系。当S村的男女青年发生婚前性行为的比率和离婚率不断上升的同时，他们的行动也迫使父母和社会不得不面对现实；社会舆论开始选择沉默，男方父母开始普遍接受，女方父母也不会再“打断腿”或断绝关系；对此社会也变得越来越宽容。 在本文的最后对以农村社会婚前性行为主的性实践过程进行了反思。笔者认为性的开放不仅仅是个人的选择而是在社会结构变化下行动主体参与主导并重建社会规则与舆论的过程。同时随着农村社会在性实践上的变化是否会对“生育本位”造成冲击，进而对社会结构弹性的边界进行了讨论。

With the founding of New China, especially in the last decade, there are tremendous changes in all aspects of Chinese rural society. In this paper, I mainly taking S Village of Henan Province as a case to describe the practice process of China's rural social structure changes. Especially focus on the rural community over the past decade young men and women of marriageable premarital sex research. Previous studies mainly take the behavior of the premarital sex as an individual or as a kind of deviance, this paper fit the social structure from the historical and personal life to understand the prevalence of the last 10 years in the rural community and the rising proportion of premarital sex behavior. This article states the S village in Henan Province since the founding of China up to now young men and women in love and marriage has undergone changes in three stages, namely, after the founding of new China's first generation born and grew up marriageable young men and women in the 70-80 years of "to live" to the second stage from 1990 to 2002 years or so, "to feel" and then from 2003 to date "to be happy." In addition to these changes in the rural community of young men and women in love and marriage enhanced autonomy, more are the result of changes in the social structure and fit of personal life choices. With the rural society from closed to open, young men and women migrant workers, especially women migrant workers increased, gradually changed the traditional rural social order. From traditional to modern rural society is undergoing great changes in terms of mutual cooperation, Public Opinion of the village, Public Authorities, Private Space. And due to the growing family unit in rural areas saw a sharp economic stratification of rural society caused by the marriage occurred in the fierce market competition, these changes are affecting the rural community of practice changes in the objective. S Village, Henan Province, young men and women from parents arranged to free love free love were the last to go through three stages, but the three stages of the founding of New China now has experienced 60 years of social change, the internal structure of rural society in the process of social change constantly changing, these changes continue to influence and change their lives. They adapt and respond to changes in social structure at the same time involved in reshaping the relationship between social rules and social connection. When young men and women of the village S ratio of premarital sex and divorce rates continue to rise at the same time, their actions have forced the parents and the community have to face reality; public opinion began to choose silence, the man began to generally accepted parents, her parents do not will be "break a leg" or sever relations; this society has become more tolerant. Finally, I talk about the rural community of premarital sex sexual practices. I believe that the opening of sex more than just a personal choice but a change in the dominant social structures and behaviors involved in the reconstruction process of social rules and public opinion. Simultaneously with the changes in the rural community of practice on whether they would "birth-based" impact, and thus the boundaries of social structural elasticity are discussed.