科技的持续发展，推动了人类对自然环境的广泛改造与深度开发，但随之而来的是一系列复杂多变的环境问题。2023年日本开始排放核污水，对人类以及大自然生物多样性都造成了严重影响，人们开始深刻反思人类与自然之间的联系，并积极探寻一种更为和谐且可持续的与自然共处之道。

园林堪称大自然的缩影，在各国独具特色的园林艺术设计中，深刻地映射出人类与自然界的相互关系以及人类对自然的观念和态度。尽管中国与日本是近距离的邻国，但由于各自独特的自然环境和深厚的文化底蕴，两国在对待自然的态度和理念上展现出不同的特点。这种差异也反映在两国人民对自然的具体认知和感受上。通过对中日两国典型园林设计的比较和分析，可以发现中日自然观的相同与相异之处，并探讨其深层次的原因。

本文打算从中日园林艺术方面对两国自然观进行比较研究，以中国苏州拙政园和日本龙安寺为例。本文大致分为五个部分。第一部分绪论阐述了研究背景、目的与意义以及研究对象方法，第二部分文献综述首先对中日园林进行概述，其次分别对中日园林比较和中日自然观比较的国内外研究文献进行总结和梳理，概括了部分文献的研究成果。第三部分考察两国在园林艺术中的自然观，在借鉴迄今为止研究成果的基础上，大致总结出了中日两国自然观的差异主要在于中国园林体现了“天人合一”的自然观；日本园林体现了“自然处处皆神灵”的自然观。第四部分深入分析了中日两国在自然观念上所存在的共同之处及其差异性，并进一步探讨了这些共同点和差异点产生的根源。在论文的最终章节，将对中日两国的自然观念之间的分歧进行系统的归纳，并深入剖析导致这些分歧的深层次因素。从而得出自然对人类的影响和启示并思考如何与自然和谐相处。

In recent years, with the development of science and technology, the scale of human transformation and development of nature has gradually expanded. As a result, all kinds of environmental problems arise. In 2023, Japan began to discharge nuclear sewage, which had a serious impact on both human beings and natural biodiversity. In this way, people begin to rethink the relationship between man and nature, and also need to seek a more appropriate way to get along with nature.

Garden art design in different countries reflects the relationship between man and nature as well as man’s attitude towards nature. China and Japan, as neighbors across a strip of water, are also different in terms of natural environment and cultural thoughts, so their specific views on nature will also be different. Through the comparison and analysis of the typical garden design in China and Japan, we can find the similarities and differences between the views of nature in China and Japan, and explore the underlying reasons.

This thesis intends to make a comparative study of Chinese and Japanese views of nature from the aspects of garden art, taking the Humble Administrator’s Garden in Suzhou, China, and Longan Temple in Japan as examples. This thesis is roughly divided into five parts: The initial part elucidates the backdrop of the study, its aims, the importance it holds, and also outlines the methodology adopted for the research. The second part of the literature review firstly summarizes the Chinese and Japanese gardens, then summarizes and combs the domestic and foreign research literature on the comparison of Chinese and Japanese gardens and the comparison of Chinese and Japanese views of nature, as well as summarizes the research results of some literatures. The third part examines the views of nature in garden art in China and Japan. Based on the research results so far, it summarizes the differences between the views of nature in China and Japan. The main difference of views of nature between China and Japan is that Chinese garden embodies the view of nature of “unity of nature and man”, while Japanese gardens embody the view of nature that “nature everywhere is a spirit”. The fourth section examines the parallels and reasons behind the disparities in the natural views held by China and Japan. In the last part, the author will summarize the differences in the two countries’ views of nature and the reasons for the differences, so as to draw the influence and inspiration of nature on human beings and think about how to live in harmony with nature.