替代性创伤，即个体对创伤事件有间接接触，有共情的主动付出，个体自我与他人边界出现问题，个体将他人创伤内化为自己所有，个体表现出强烈的情感或者躯体反应，人员认知系统发生变化。个体情感上主要呈现悲伤等负面情绪；躯体上出现类似创伤后应激障碍的躯体症状；认知上，生命意义、价值观、对自己的信念、对他人的信念等方面发生变化，且替代性创伤具有一定的长久性和积累性。

本研究主要目的是探讨箱庭疗法缓解大学生替代性创伤症状的可行性、过程、效果。本研究使用箱庭疗法对一位女大学生来访者进行心理咨询，初筛使用《替代性创伤调查问卷》初步筛选了解来访者，研究最终选用《灾难救助者替代性创伤问卷》来评估来访者的症状及其随着咨询过程的变化，通过量表数据结果、箱庭作品历程和来访者的主观反馈来呈现和分析咨询过程与效果。该来访者从2022年11月到2023年3月参与个体箱庭治疗达18次，咨询中包含了四次量表测查和访谈。在量表数据结果方面，来访者《灾难救助者替代性创伤问卷》从咨询前117分下降至104分。在箱庭作品方面，本研究依据来访者主观描述、箱庭作品特征等因素，将18次治疗分为四个阶段：第一阶段为建立关系呈现问题阶段；第二阶段是恢复自我，面对现实；第三阶段是回到过去，处理遗憾阶段；第四阶段是觉察接纳阴影，自我与期望自我阶段。在来访者的主观反馈方面，18次箱庭治疗后，来访者主观报告自我接纳度提高，自己更加稳定，边界感增强等，且在咨询过程中有丰富的体验。综上，结果表明来访者接受箱庭疗法的心理咨询后，自我增强，自我接纳度提高，自己更加稳定了，替代性创伤相关症状得到缓解，咨询效果较好。

箱庭疗法通过以下四个方面帮助来访者改善了替代性创伤方向的情况：（1）母子一体性的治疗关系和自由受保护的空间；（2）增强了意识和无意识的联结；（3）促进情绪表达；（4）增强了边界感。

本研究结论：在大学生替代性创伤倾向的治疗中，箱庭疗法有其独特优势，能有效针对自我，进而在来访者替代性创伤方面具有良好疗效。

Vicarious trauma means that individuals have indirect contact with traumatic events, have empathic active efforts, have unclear boundaries between themselves and others, internalize the trauma of others as their own, exhibit strong emotional or physical reactions, and change the cognitive system of individuals. The individual emotion mainly presents sadness and other negative emotions; Physical symptoms similar to post-traumatic stress disorder; In terms of cognition, the meaning of life, values, beliefs about oneself and others have changed, and the vicarious trauma is permanent and cumulative.

The main purpose of this study is to explore the feasibility, process and effect of sandplay therapy in relieving vicarious trauma symptoms of college students .In this study, the sandplay therapy was used to conduct psychological consultation on a female college student visitor, and the study selected the Alternative Trauma Questionnaire for Disaster Rescuers and the Revised version of the Event Impact Scale. However, since the Revised version of the Event Impact Scale originated from abroad, its translation may not have a high degree of compatibility with the visit, and every time the visit filled in the scale, they would show resistance, confusion, puzzledness, and even dissatisfaction. Therefore, the scale may not be able to accurately reflect the situation of visits in this study. At the end of this study, the "Disaster Rescuer Alternative Trauma Questionnaire" was used to assess the symptoms of the visitors and their changes along with the counseling process, and the counseling process and effect were presented and analyzed through the scale data results, the process of the works of the box and the subjective feedback of the visitors .From November 2022 to March 2023, the visit involved 18 times of individual box-court treatment, and the consultation included four times of scale tests and interviews .In terms of scale data results, the client's scores of the Disaster Rescuers Alternative Trauma Questionnaire decreased from 117 before consultation to 104.In terms of works, this study divided 18 treatments into four stages according to the subjective description of the client, features of works and other factors. The first stage was the stage of establishing relationships and presenting problems ;The second stage is to restore oneself and face the reality ;The third stage is to go back and deal with regrets .The fourth stage is the stage of awareness of the shadow of acceptance, the self and the desired self .In terms of the subjective feedback of the clients, after 18 sessions of box court treatment, the clients reported improved self-acceptance, more stable, enhanced sense of boundary, etc., and had a rich experience in the consultation process .To sum up, the results showed that after receiving psychological counseling with sandplay therapy, the client was self-enhanced, self-acceptance was improved, he was more stable, vicarious trauma-related symptoms were relieved, and the counseling effect was good.

Sandplay therapy helps clients improve vicarious trauma orientation through the following four aspects: (1) the therapeutic relationship and free protected space of mother and child;(2) the connection between conscious and unconscious is enhanced;(3) promote emotional expression;(4) Enhanced sense of boundary .The conclusion of this study: In the treatment of vicarious trauma tendency of college students, sandplay therapy has its unique advantages, which can effectively target the self, and then has a good effect on visiting vicarious trauma.