2021 年我国人均预期寿命已经提高到了 78.2 岁，人口老龄化、高龄化问题加剧。与之 相伴而生的是老年人身体机能和认知能力下降，老年人的日常起居将需要专门的照料服务， 对照料服务的偏好将进一步加强。在此背景下，老年人行为决策将会发生一定变化。本文构 建包含预期寿命、老年劳动供给、照料偏好的两期世代交叠模型，引入产品部门和照料部门 进行生产，并对个体年轻期和老年期的行为进行刻画，研究预期寿命、照料偏好、养老金缴 费率变动对老年劳动供给、照料服务需求的影响，从而为我国延迟退休政策的实施、老年照 料服务的发展提供一定的理论参考。 本文通过模型构建、比较静态分析、数值模拟发现，预期寿命延长、照料偏好增强、养 老金缴费率下降会提高老年劳动供给，引起退休年龄推后。同时，预期寿命延长、照料偏好 增强会刺激老年人照料服务需求，使得照料服务价格升高、照料市场规模扩大、照料部门劳 动力占比提高，而养老金缴费率下调则会在一定程度上削弱老年人照料需求。研究结果显 示，我国延迟退休政策的出台是符合人口特征变动和社会发展的，具有合理性，应该在实施 的过程中注意平稳过渡。同时政府也应构建普惠性养老服务等多层次的养老服务体系，保障 老年人的基本照料需求。

China's average life expectancy has increased to 78.2 years in 2021, and the aging of the population is becoming increasingly serious. This is accompanied by a decline in the physical function and cognitive ability of the elderly. The elderly will need specialized care services in their daily life, and the preference for care services will be further strengthened. In this context, the elderly labor supply situation will change. In this paper, a two-stage overlapping generation model including life expectancy, elderly labor supply and care preference is constructed. The product department and care department are introduced for production, and the behavior of individuals in young and old age is described. The influence of life expectancy, care preference and pension contribution rate changes on the elderly labor supply and care service demand is studied. Thus, it provides some theoretical references for the implementation of retirement policy and the development of old care service. Through model building, comparative static analysis and numerical simulation, this paper found that the extension of life expectancy, the enhancement of care preference and the decrease of pension contribution rate will increase the labor supply of the elderly and cause the delay of retirement age. Meanwhile, the extension of life expectancy and the enhancement of care preference will stimulate the demand for care services for the elderly, leading to the increase of care service price, the expansion of care market scale, and the increase of the proportion of labor in the care sector, while the reduction of pension contribution rate will weaken the demand for care for the elderly to some extent. Research results show that the delayed retirement policy is in line with population characteristics change and social development is reasonable, and should be paid attention to smooth transition in the process of implementation. At the same time, the government should also build a multi-level pension service system such as inclusive pension service to ensure the basic care needs of the elderly.