加强医学生医疗职业精神教育，是提升医学院校思政教育实效，培育德才兼备的新时代中国特色社会主义医疗事业接班人的内在要求，也是适应世界医疗模式的转化和我国医疗体制改革的题中之义。本研究围绕“医学院校应该如何开展医学生医疗职业精神教育”这一核心主题，将基本研究内容分为以下三个方面： 第一、教育理论研究。本研究分析了职业、精神、职业精神和医疗职业精神的内涵，提出医疗职业精神的内容包括大医精诚的专业规范观、重义轻利的伦理道德观、以患者为中心的职业价值观；医学生的医疗职业精神教育，应该以马克思人的自由全面发展理论为思想引领，以思想政治教育构建论和接受论为教育路径，以医疗职业精神本质论、医生特质论和医学人文和中美医师宣言为教育内容借鉴；同时借鉴认同理论、态度理论、道德发展理论和社会化理论等。最后，医疗职业精神教育的历史演变过程可以分为师承教育、学院教育和整合教育三个阶段，每个教育阶段都有其独特的价值和历史贡献，但是也存在各方面的问题。 第二，教育实证研究。通过对高年级医学生、年轻医生和专家的个体访谈，编制《医学生医疗职业精神发展现状问卷》和《医学生医疗职业精神教育质量问卷》，在北京中医药大学、北京大学医学部、首都医科大学、上海中医药大学和山东中医药大学等五所医学院校进行整群抽样调查，收集数据，通过SPSS19.0探索性分析工具，将医学生的医疗职业精神分为五个因子，将医疗职业精神教育路径分为三个因素。以教育路径为自变量，以职业精神特质为变量进行相关性分析，得出结论：医疗实践教育和课程教育对职业情感、专业承诺、职业价值和职业伦理规范水平影响显著，对职业信心水平影响不显著；思想素养和职业规划教育对职业情感、职业价值观、职业伦理规范和职业信心影响显著，对专业承诺影响不显著。 接着，本研究提出我国医学生医疗职业精神教育中面临三个方面的问题和挑战：第一,当前医疗职业精神教育本身比较薄弱，存在教育地位边缘化、教育过程碎片化和教育方式简单化等问题。第二,社会多元文化背景、医疗体制政策和社会医患文化对医学生医疗职业精神的发展存在不利影响。第三，医学生的医疗职业精神特质是医疗职业精神文化和个体心理要素相结合的产物，个体能动性必然会对教育效果产生影响，所以医学生的医疗职业精神发展水平存在不平衡的问题。 第三、教育对策研究。为了应对挑战，解决问题，本研究在最后一部分提出了教育对策：第一，在教育原则上，要强调医学生医疗职业精神教育的方向性、针对性和亲和力，医疗职业精神教育要以建设新时代中国特色社会主义医疗事业接班人为出发点和落脚点；第二，教育内容上，要以思想政治和医德医风主题教育为基石，以医学人文教育为主线，以职业规划教育为抓手和切入点；第三，教育路径上，要协同专业教育和社会教育资源，加强校园文化、导学文化、医院文化和医疗实践文化四种文化建设，并根据学生的思维发展阶段特点，将感性教育，理性教育和“同一性”教育三者相结合。最后，本研究也强调了医学生医疗职业精神职业精神教育想要顺利落实，还要有完善的保障机制，包括改善社会环境，加强师资队伍的制度建设、教材的开发，以及图书馆、新媒体资源的开发等。

Medical professionalism, which reflecting professional consciousness, professional thinking and professional mentality on the micro aspect and representing people-oriented ethical value of medicine occupation on the macro aspect, is the essence of medical characteristics. Nowdays, medical professionalism plays a more and more important role on the transformation of the world medical model and China's rapid medical system reform. Schools of medicine need to pay special attention on medical professionalism education.The basic problems of this research are: what is medical professionalism and how to carry out the professionalism education.The main research contains three aspects as follows: 1. Theories about professionalism and Medical Professionalism Education. First the research reaches a definition of Medical Professionalism which contains three basic content as follows: dedicate to medical career、the ethics of valuing loyalty over money and taking patients as the center of the treatment. Secondly, Medical Professional Education should be guided by Marxist theory on man's free and full development, medical professional spirit essence, doctor trait theory and medical humanities theory as the main body. Also relevant theories such as Identity theory, moral development theory，Attitude theory, Socialization theory, and acceptance theory and process theory of ideological and political education will bring the twilight of thought on medical professional education. At last, From a historical perspective the Medical Professionalism Education mode can be classified into three categories: the private tutor mode, the academic mode and the integration mode. Each stage of the education mode has its own unique contribution, but also rise certain problems. 2. Empirical research : Analysis of current education about professionalism. This research use individual interview and questionnaire survey to collect empirical data.First, based on an individual interview of 28 resident’s doctor, senior medical student and seven Medical experts, this research formed the medical students medical professionalism scale and the medical professionalism education quality scale. With the help of Beijing University of traditional Chinese medicine，Peking University medical department and capital medical university, Shanghai University of traditional Chinese medicine and Shandong University of traditional Chinese medicine, this research finished a big sample questionnaire survey. This research reaches to the following conclusions: 1)medical students’ profosshinalism is compounded by five attributes, which are Professional value, professional emotion, professional awareness, professional commitment and career belief.2) currently there are three main education pathes includes medical practice、class education、ideological literacy and career planning education；3）by mean value analysis and factor analysis: Medical practice education and curriculum education have sound effect on occupational emotion, professional commitment, occupational value and professional ethics, but less influence on professional belif. Ideological literacy and career planning education have significant influence on occupational emotion, professional value, professional ethics and career belief, but less influence on professional commitment.In all current education is effective in general, yet there are problems about professionalism education which needed to be solved. 4）At present, professional education suffers from marginalization, fragmentation and simplification.The effectiveness of the education also been infected by social factors (such as social cultural background,macropolicy, doctor-patient relationship,ect) and personal factors (such as family background,personal value and motivation,ect) . 3. Countermeasure study: How to improve the effectiveness of education. This study proposes the "four-in-one" education strategy. First, socialist core values acts as the guide of professionalism education, also, students' thoughts is the starting point, and this education insists on carrying out education in a way that students can accept. Secondly, as for educational content, ideological and political education and medical ethics education need to combine together, for the basic ecucation target of cultivating socialist builders and successors with both ability and political integrity. In addition medical humanities education and career planning education also play an important role in medical professnalism education. Thirdly, four cultural environment including school culture, teacher-studetent communication culture, hospital culture and medical practice culture need to be developed thoughly to improve the education methord of professional education. Last but not the least, professional faculty for professional spirit education need to be enhanced. Also educational resources in various fields such as libraries and new media need to be developed. And the medical professionalism is also affected by the factors of social, cultural, management, and legal systems. Therefore, to improve the professionalism of medical students, it is necessary to improve the social medical environment.