运动情绪研究是当前运动心理和情绪心理研究的前沿和热点，但运动员情绪调节自主神经反应机制的实证研究相对缺乏。研究采用实验法，以183名大学生运动员为被试，以心率变异性为指标，在有无认知任务的两种情况下，考察不同情绪状态下、不同情绪调节策略下运动员自主神经反应的性别、运动专项、运动年限、运动等级特点，探讨运动员情绪调节自主神经反应的机制。研究结果发现：1无认知任务情况下，运动员心率变异性分别受情绪状态和情绪调节策略影响。正性情绪的情绪稳定性小于负性情绪，认知重评策略更为有效。2有认知任务情况下，运动员心率变异性受情绪状态和情绪调节策略的共同影响。负性情绪条件下的表达抑制策略效果减弱，正性情绪条件下认知重评策略更为有效。3运动员特征影响心率变异性，长运动年限运动员、高运动等级运动员、技能型运动员和女运动员的心率变异性较低。4负性情绪时，高运动等级运动员倾向采取认知重评策略进行情绪调节，低运动等级运动员倾向采取表达抑制策略进行情绪调节。关键词：运动员；情绪调节；自主神经反应

Sport emotion research is the front and hot issues in the current study of sports psychology and emotion psychology, however, the athlete’s emotion regulation mechanisms of the autonomic nervous response relatively lack of empirical research. The current research used experimental methods to test 183 college athletes, taking the heart rate variability as an indicator. Under two cognitive tasks conditions (yes/no), the study tested athlete’s autonomic nervous response within different emotional state and different emotion regulation strategies, to investigate its characteristics of gender, sport-specific, sports period and sports level. The study discussed the autonomic nervous response mechanism of athlete’s emotion regulation strategies. The study found:1. Case of no-cognitive tasks, the athletes’ HRV was separately affected by emotion state and emotion regulation strategies. The stability of emotion was higher under positive emotion than under negative emotion, and cognitive reappraisal strategy was more effective.2. Cases with cognitive tasks, emotion state and emotion regulation strategies had combined effect on the athletes’ HRV. The effects of suppression strategy weakened under negative emotion conditions, cognitive reappraisal strategy was more effective under positive emotion conditions.3. The traits of athletes affected HRV, the HRV of long campaign period athletes, high-level athletes, skilled athletes and female athletes was low.4. Under negative emotions, the high-level athletes tended to use cognitive reappraisal strategy to regulate emotion, however, the low-level athlete tended to take express suppression strategy.Key words:athlete;emotion regulation;autonomic nervous response