本文选取西南官话否定标记作为研究对象，采用文献研究和调查研究相结合的方式，考查了西南官话34个方言点的否定标记。从否定标记描写，分类及语义地图三个方面对西南官话否定系统进行研究，得出以下结论。首先，西南官话否定标记按词汇化模式的不同可以分为并合式否定标记和组合式否定标记；其优势形式为“不”、“莫”、“没得”、“没”，优势构词规则为“没+肯定成分”，形成的主要机制是词汇化和语法化；主要有九大语义功能，每类语义功能都有相应的句法形式上的标记。其次，以语义功能为标准，西南官话否定标记可分为两大类六小类，分别为：“完全独立型”、“主观-已然混同型”、“主观-禁止混同型”、“已然-领有混同型”、“已然-禁止混同型”、“领有-禁止混同型”。最后，以否定标记为单位和以方言点为单位，可以得到两类共30幅语义地图并得出四条蕴含共性。总的来说，影响西南官话否定标记语义功能的因素是比较固定和统一的，但在整齐中也存在差异。其整体一致性在于时态、情态、存在领有等因素的影响，差异性则源于历史因素、语法化和词汇化。

The negatives of southwestern mandarin are investigated in this study. By means of literature induction and remote interview, corpus of negations including 34 dialects is constructed. Then, detailed analysis is carried from three aspects: representation, classification and semantic map. The main results are described as follows:Firstly, in aspect of lexicalization, the negatives modes of southwestern mandarin could be classified as incorporative and compositional negatives. The preferential forms are “bu”, “mo”, “meide”, and “mei”, with preferential morphological rule of “mei + positive statements”. The formation mechanisms of negatives are lexicalization and grammaticalization. In aspect of semantic function, nine functions with corresponding syntactic form are found in southwestern mandarin.Secondly, by the standards of semantic function, the negatives southwestern mandarin could be classified into two broad groups and six subgroups, including single type, subjective-past type, subjective-prohibitive type, past-existential type, past-prohibitive type and existential-prohibitive typeFurthermore, two types of semantic maps are depicted by the units of negative marker and dialect category, through which four implicational universals are obtained.Finally, the research induced a conclusion that the negatives in southwestern mandarin are generally coherent in terms of tense, modality and existence elements, while the divergences are attributed to factors including history, grammaticalization and lexicalization.