人生观是人关于人生问题总的观点和看法，包括人生目的和人生理想、人生价值、人生态度等内容。作为马克思主义的创立者和伟大的无产阶级革命导师，马克思终其一生都在为探索真理而努力工作，为捍卫人民的利益而奔走发声，为实现人类的解放和共产主义事业而不懈奋斗。马克思从青年时期萌发为人类幸福而工作的择业观，在与社会现实的接触中逐步发展并坚定为人类求解放的人生目标。本文试图根据马克思的人生经历和经典文献，从梳理马克思人生观形成的条件和发展脉络入手，集中探讨马克思关于人的本质、人生理想与人生目标、人生价值、人生态度等方面的理论观点，从而比较系统地论述马克思的人生观，并进一步探讨马克思人生观的重大意义和当代启示。

马克思基于对社会现实问题的剖析，对前人理论成果的批判吸收以及对自我实践经历的思考，逐步形成一套完整科学的人生观体系。其中，对人类解放的追求贯穿马克思人生观的发展始终。马克思在中学时期就萌发为人类幸福而工作的初心；在柏林大学学习时期和莱茵报时期接触到更多社会底层民众的悲惨生活状况和现实物质利益问题，人生观有新的发展；在德法年鉴和巴黎手稿时期逐渐确立起追求人类解放、实现共产主义的人生价值归宿；在《共产党宣言》和《资本论》的创作中更加坚定了为人类解放和共产主义事业奉献一切的人生观。马克思的人生观既直接体现在其追求人类解放过程中所展现的价值取向和人生态度上，也体现在其探索实现人类解放道路过程中形成的包括人的本质、共产主义理论等在内的思想学说体系中。马克思的人生观具有重要的意义和当代启示。首先，马克思人生观关照人的现实生存状况，科学认识社会历史规律，蕴含深厚的人文关怀和历史情怀。其次，学习践行马克思人生观有助于深刻认识人生问题，科学评判人生价值；有助于确立崇高人生理想，坚定共产主义信念；有助于树立正确人生态度，锻造艰苦奋斗品格。

Outlook on life is a person's general views and opinions on life issues, including life goals and ideals, life values, life attitudes, etc. As the founder of Marxism and the great revolutionary mentor of the proletariat, Marx has been working for the interests of the people throughout his life, striving unremittingly for the liberation of mankind and the cause of communism. From his youth, Marx germinated his career choice of working for the happiness of mankind, and gradually developed his life goal of freeing mankind in contact with social reality. This article attempts to start from Marx’s life experience, systematically comb the conditions and development context of the formation of Marx’s outlook on life, and systematically discuss Marx’s outlook on life based on Marx’s theoretical viewpoints on human nature, life ideals and goals, life values and attitudes, etc. And further explore the significance and contemporary enlightenment of Marx's outlook on life.

Based on the analysis of social realistic problem, the critical absorption of predecessors' theoretical results, and the reflection on his own practical experience, Marx gradually formed a complete scientific outlook on life system. And, the pursuit of human liberation runs through the development of Marx's outlook on life. Marx sprouted his original intention to work for the happiness of mankind during his middle school period; he was exposed to more tragic living conditions and real material interests of the people at the bottom of society during his studies at the University of Berlin and the Rheinische Zeitung Period, and his outlook on life had a new development; During the period of German-French Yearbook and Paris Manuscripts, the goal of pursuing human liberation and realizing communism was gradually established; finally, in the creation of Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital, he strengthened his lifelong outlook on life for human liberation and communism. Marx’s outlook on life is not only directly reflected in the value orientation and attitude towards life displayed in the process of pursuing human emancipation, but also in his thoughts including human nature and communist theory formed in the process of exploring and realizing the road to human emancipation. Analyzing Marx's outlook on life has important significance and modern enlightenment. First of all, Marx's outlook on life cares about people's living conditions, scientifically understands the laws of society and history; contains profound humanistic care and historical feelings. Secondly, learning and practicing Marx's outlook on life will help to deeply understand life problems and scientifically judge the value of life; it will help establish lofty ideals in life and strengthen communist beliefs; it will help establish a correct attitude towards life and forge the character of hard work.