据中国教育部统计，2022年我国高校毕业生人数首次突破1000万，在毕业人数逐年增加的情况下，毕业生所面临的挑战也随之逐年增加。大学生需要在同样的四年中应对比以往更大的困难，然而其所接受的时间管理教育却并不充分，针对现状的研究发现大学生对生活的掌控感较差、自我时间管理的能力和信心逐年下降，说明大学生时间管理问题研究具有必要性。为了针对性解决大学生在时间管理的现存问题，本文基于时间管理倾向理论中的时间监控观，挖掘大学生的时间管理行为特点、使用时间管理App的困境与主要需求，据此提出大学生时间管理App设计策略并进行了产品设计，从而帮助他们提高时间管理的能力及效率，更好地驾驭自己的时间和生活。

本文分为三个阶段，分别是用户研究、设计策略的提出与应用和设计评估与迭代。在用户研究阶段，本文参考“青少年时间管理倾向量表”的“时间监控观分量表”设计了研究问卷并得到310份有效问卷，发现：（1）时间管理频率越高的大学生，自身利用和运筹时间的能力和观念越强；（2）大学生群体在时间监控观的计划、设置目标、反馈性三个维度得分较低。通过对10位具有高频时间管理习惯的大学生的一对一深度访谈，本文进一步了解大学生在问卷研究中发现的存在不足的方面，深入洞察大学生在时间管理App使用中计划、设置目标、反馈性方面的困境，基于扎根理论的编码分析，得出五大主要需求，分别是细化目标框架、把控整体节奏、智能调整排期、追踪全流程数据、小组作业进度管理。在设计策略的提出与应用阶段，本文绘制用户画像、用户旅程图进行设计策略转化与分析，提出大学生时间管理App功能三条功能设计策略，分别是以目标拆解为核心管理计划与待办、数据智能反馈提供参考、促进多人目标协作，解决了在用户研究中发现的用户在拆解目标、制定计划和缺乏基于数据的智能反馈的问题。本文进行头脑风暴并筛选出17个功能点，产出功能框架设计、功能交互逻辑设计和原型设计。在设计评估与迭代阶段，本文邀请12位评估者对原型进行体验和评估，验证该原型具有较高的可用性和易学性，并基于建议完成原型迭代。

本文以研究时间管理外显行为的时间监控观理论，作为设计大学生时间管理App的依据，产出针对大学生时间管理行为特点与困境的时间管理App原型，拓展了对于时间监控观一级维度的研究，也为时间监控观在应用层面的研究进行补充。

According to the Chinese Ministry of Education, the number of college graduates in China exceeded 10 million for the first time in 2022. As the number of graduates increases each year, so do the challenges they face. College students need to cope with greater difficulties than ever before in the same four years, yet the time management education they received is inadequate. The study found that college students have a poor sense of control over their lives, and their ability and confidence in time management is decreasing year by year, indicating the need for research on time management among college students. In order to solve the existing problems of time management for college students, this paper based on the time control of time management disposition theory, explores the characteristics of time management behaviours of college students, the dilemma and main needs of using time management applications, and accordingly proposes and designs strategies and prototype of time management application for college students, which helps them improve their ability and efficiency of time management to better manage their time and life.

This paper is divided into three phases: user research, design strategy development and application, and design evaluation and iteration. In the user research phase, this paper uses the Time Control Subscale of the Adolescent Time Management Disposition Scale as the theoretical basis to design a research questionnaire and obtain 310 valid questionnaires, and finds that: (1） the more frequent the college students manage their time, the better their own ability of using and managing time; (2） the college students scores lower in the three dimensions of planning, goal setting and feedback of time control. Through one-on-one in-depth interviews with 10 college students with high-frequency time management habits, this paper provides insight into their dilemmas in planning, goal setting and feedback in the use of time management applications, which were found to be inadequate in the questionnaire study. Based on the coding analysis of rooting theory, five major needs were identified, namely, refining the target framework, controlling the overall pacing, intelligently adjusting the scheduling, tracking the whole process data, and managing the progress of team work. In the design strategy formulation and application stage, through drawing user persona and user journey map, design strategies were transformed and analysed. Three functional design strategies were proposed for the college students' time management application functions, namely, managing plans and to-do lists with goal disassembly as the core, providing intelligent data feedback for reference, and promoting multi-person goal collaboration, which solved the user's problems in goal disassembly, planning and lack of intelligent data-based feedback found in the user study. In this paper, 17 functional points were brainstormed and selected to produce a feature framework design, feature interaction logic design and prototype design. In the design evaluation and iteration phase, 12 evaluators were invited to experience and evaluate the prototype to verify its high usability and ease of learning, and to complete prototype iterations based on the recommendations.

This paper uses the time control theory, which studies the external behaviour of time management, as the basis for designing a time management application for college students, and produces a prototype of a time management application that addresses the characteristics and dilemmas of college students' time management. This paper extends the research on the first level dimension of the time control and complements the research on the application of time management disposition theory.