王尔德童话中的《快乐王子》、《夜莺与蔷薇》、《少年国王》以苦难为叙事主线，展现了主人公完整的受难历程，属于典型的苦难叙事。童话主人公均经历了快乐－苦难－新生的受难历程。相比典型的写实性苦难叙事，王尔德童话主人公的受难行为更为主动，且富有理想色彩；同时他的苦难童话糅合了想象真实和唯美语言，造就了独特的审美风貌。王尔德借讲述主动、理想的受难故事，试图突破维多利亚人的生存困境，也在一定程度上满足了个人的受难冲动。他在苦难童话中传递了深切的人性关怀，主要体现为关注现实、道德助力和审美愉悦。王尔德不仅将主人公的受难作为实现自我、改变现实的理想方式，同时也借苦难童话表达了对现实的批驳和美好世界的召唤。

In Oscar Wilde ’s fairy tales, The Happy Prince, The Nightingale and the Rose and The Young King take suffering as the main line of narrative and present heroes’ complete suffering processes, so belong to typical suffering narrative. The heroes all experience the same suffering process which is happy-suffering-rebirth. Compared to typical realistic suffering narrative, the heroes of Oscar Wilde ’s fairy tales suffer more initiative and ideal, and his suffering fairy tales mix imaginary realism and artistic words. According to telling the initiative and ideal suffering stories, Oscar Wilde not only tries to break through the dilemmas of Victorians, but also satisfies his suffering complex to a certain extent. His suffering fairy tales transmit deep humanistic concern which mainly includes the care for reality, moral promotion and aesthetic cheer. Oscar Wilde on the one hand takes the heroes’ suffering as the ideal way of achieving themselves and changing the reality, on the other hand he expresses the criticism about the reality and the expectation of wonderful world according to the suffering fairy tales.