本文在国内外职业能力相关研究的基础上，采用文献研究法和比较研究法，从“能力”、“职业能力”等概念的界定入手展开研究。在清楚界定相关概念的基础上，本文对国外几种典型的职业能力构成和职业能力形成过程的基础理论进行了研究。接下来，本文考察了英国、德国、荷兰等三个典型国家的职业能力培养实践情况。最后，在充分借鉴国外职业能力培养经验的基础上，对如何加强我国职业能力的培养提出了自己的思考与对策。国外对职业能力已经有较为深入的研究。职业能力在不同的时代、不同的国家、不同的文化中被赋予了不同的涵义，故各国对职业能力的培养实践也是各不相同。尽管如此，我们还是可以清楚地看到，对职业能力的这些不同理解和不同的培养策略并不是孤立存在的，而是处于一个连续的、动态的系统当中。其总的发展趋势是在动态中寻求一种和谐统一，综合职业能力观这一大趋势已经非常明显。本文的研究得到诸多关于职业能力培养的启示：首先，在培养目标方面，职业能力培养不仅关系到某一具体工作，也关系到个人终身的职业发展；其次，在培养过程方面，工作过程是获得职业能力的关键途径；再次，在培养标准方面，职业能力培养应与职业资格证书密切衔接，但职业能力不等同于职业资格；最后，在培养方法和态度方面，职业能力培养既要调动主体的主观能动性，又要尊重客观规律。通过以上研究，本文旨在摸索出更多职业能力培养的规律，以改变我国当前职业教育人才培养质量不高、职业能力培养低效的状况，使我国的职业教育，切实以职业能力的培养为出发点与着力点，只有这样，才能为我国现代化建设提供强大的人力支撑。

On the basis of related research at home and abroad, using literature method and comparative method, this article starts from the concept of “competence” and “vocational competence” in order to avoid incorrect conceptual understanding and impacting further discussion. Under the premise of clarifying the concepts, this article focuses on the composition of vocational competence and its formation process. At the same time, the author compares three typical practice of the vocational competence building, United Kingdom, Germany and Netherlands. In the end, the article reflects on how to strengthen our vocational competence building.Through studying foreign vocational competence, the author concludes that vocational competence is given different connotations under different ages background, different countries and different language cultural influence. So, all countries’ vocational competence building practice is also not same. Furthermore, we can still clearly see that these different understandings and different building strategies about vocational competence aren’t isolate existence, but be located in a continuous and dynamic system. The general trend is to seek a kind of harmony and unification in the system and comprehensive view of vocational competence has been very clear trend.This article comes to following hints on vocational competence building: 1. In the objectives: Vocational competence is related to not only a certain concrete job but also personal life-long vocational development; 2. In the processes: The working process is the key approach to acquiring vocational competence; 3. In the standards: Vocational competence building is a close link with the vocational qualifications, but not equivalent to vocational qualifications; 4. In the methods and attitudes: Vocational competence building needs to mobilize the subjective initiative of the subject, also needs to respect the objective regulations.The purpose of the article is to find more vocational competence building laws in order to change China's current vocational education low training quality and inefficient vocational competence building through above studies. So that our vocational education can be with vocational competence building as a focal point and provide a strong human support for our modernization.