随着老龄化进程加快，老年人口越来越多，未来我国将无可避免地进入深度老龄化社会，面临一系列的问题和挑战。因此，政府多次提出社会治理重心要下沉，加强老年人参与社区治理的力度，完善社会治理制度，实现共建共治共享。
        但是笔者在实地调研过程中发现，城市老年人参与社区治理的情况并不是特别乐观，而老年人参与社区治理行为的影响因素又是复杂多变的，因此有必要总结梳理这些影响因素，为老年人参与社区治理问题提供可行路径的优化建议。
        本文采取质性研究方法，依据扎根理论，通过半结构化访谈与20位老年人和4位社区居委会工作人员进行一对一沟通，通过三层编码自下而上构建出“城市老年人参与社区治理行为影响因素”模型，将影响老年人参与社区治理的因素分为了限制性因素、驱动性因素、支撑性因素和调节性因素这四类，并在此基础上深入探究了四类影响因素之间的逻辑作用关系。研究结果表明，老年人个体需求（实现价值）、社区需求（治理下沉基层）和社会需求（促进积极老龄化）三者之间是相互影响和促进的关系，为确保三大需求构成的需求链条有效运转，有必要提高老年人参与社区治理积极性。一方面，构成限制性因素的三角支柱是老年人参与社区治理行为的前提条件，健康前提、时间前提和认知前提缺一不可。另一方面，来自外环的“驱动性因素”、“支撑性因素”和“调节性因素”是促使、保障和促进老年人参与社区治理的外部力量：驱动性因素是老年人参与社区治理的动力因素，也属于核心要素；支撑性因素是老年人参与社区治理的必要保障；调节性因素是相对弹性的影响因素，在老年人参与社区治理中起到促进作用。
      针对此研究结果，本文展开讨论并提出了相关建议。首先，要建立正确的城市老年人参与社区治理观念；其次，要正确看待城市老年人参与社区治理的动机；第三，要适当增强城市老年人参与社区治理的保障；最后，要灵活创造城市老年人参与社区治理的条件。

        With the accelerated aging process and more and more elderly population, China will inevitably enter a deep aging society and face a series of problems and challenges in the future. Therefore, the government has repeatedly proposed that the focus of social governance should sink, strengthen the participation of the elderly in community governance, improve the social governance system, and realize co construction, CO governance and sharing.
       However, in the process of field research, the author found that the situation of urban elderly participation in community governance is not particularly optimistic, and the influencing factors of elderly participation in community governance are complex and changeable. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize and sort out these influencing factors to provide feasible path optimization suggestions for elderly participation in community governance.
        This paper adopts qualitative research methods, based on the grounded theory, through semi-structured interviews, one-to-one communication with 20 elderly people and 4 community neighborhood committee staff, and constructed the "influencing factors of urban elderly participation in community governance" model from bottom to top through three-tier coding. The factors affecting elderly participation in community governance are divided into restrictive factors, driving factors, supporting factors and regulatory factors, On this basis, the logical relationship between the four types of influencing factors is deeply explored. The results show that the individual needs of the elderly (realizing value), community needs (governance sinking to the grass-roots level) and social needs (promoting active aging) affect and promote each other. In order to ensure the effective operation of the demand chain composed of the three needs, it is necessary to improve the enthusiasm of the elderly to participate in community governance. On the one hand, the triangular pillar of restrictive factors is the prerequisite for the elderly to participate in community governance, and the health premise, time premise and cognitive premise are indispensable. On the other hand, the "driving factors", "supporting factors" and "regulatory factors" from the outer ring are the external forces to promote, protect and promote the participation of the elderly in Community Governance: the driving factors are the driving factors for the elderly to participate in community governance and also belong to the core elements; Supporting factors are the necessary guarantee for the elderly to participate in community governance; Regulatory factors are relatively elastic influencing factors, which play a promoting role in the participation of the elderly in community governance.
        Based on the research results, this paper discusses and puts forward relevant suggestions. First of all, we should establish a correct concept of urban elderly participation in community governance; Secondly, we should correctly view the motivation of urban elderly to participate in community governance; Third, we should appropriately enhance the protection of urban elderly participation in community governance; Finally, we should flexibly create the conditions for the urban elderly to participate in community governance.